SEPTEMBER 12. 
&e. I opened her, and find the same state of affairs: three 
or four ounces of blood; the liver had larger tubercles scat¬ 
tered through its extent; its baso was very softened; and 
had portions, as it were, gorged with blood, and covered, here 
and there, with coagula ; so that I should fancy the vessel 
had given way somewhere about this part. They were all 
Shanghaes, pullets of last year, placed under similar circum¬ 
stances with my Spanish and Dorking fowls. Is such sud¬ 
den death usual to Shanghaes? Are they predisposed to 
disease of vessels ?—H.B. S., Monmouthshire." 
[In these cases, I think that the internal bleeding must 
have arisen from the presence of the scrolulous tubercles in 
the liver. I have seen a few similar cases ; one in a very fine 
Dorking cock. The disease can only be treated by prevent¬ 
ing the formation of the tubercles, which are the exciting 
cause. The remarks which I made on the prevention of 
tubercles in Polands, at pago 403, are equally applicable^ to 
these cases, and, therefore, need not be repeated.—W.B.I.] 
BEES. 
JOINING HIVES. 
“ I shall feel thankful if you will inform me how it will 
answer to join a flight of bees to another standing some 
few yards distant? Is it imperative they should stand 
side by side? I find the general complaint among bee¬ 
keepers is, that little honey is stored this season, and flights 
very abundant and pretty early. I could not succeed this 
year in preventing swarming, either in a Taylor’s Bar Hive, 
or the Cottage Hive. I drew the slides of the Bar Hive (to 
admit the bees up to the top box, with the comb of the 
previous year on the bars, and quite clean) the latter end of 
April; as the bees did not appear inclined to ascend after a 
few days, I closed the slides, and let them remain till the 
bees began to cluster at the mouth of the hive, I again 
drew the slides, having previously kmeared a little honey 
over the comb. The bees soon filled the upper box, and 
continued for a week or ten days, and then threw off a swarm 
(June 10th), and a second on the 23rd. I have stated these 
particulars fully, as the hives were similarly treated as 
respects super-hiving, and find there wore two supers on 
when the flights occurred. I always follow the plan suggested, 
some time since, in your Journal, by, I think, “ The Country 
Curate,” of setting "the flight in the place of the old stock, 
which is removed a short distance olt. I have never had a 
second flight, and each party can support themselves, and, 
generally, the flight spare ten or twenty pounds of honey. 
They have done so this season, and I am anxious to put 
some second flights and weak stocks to my old ones, which 
are, not beside them. My stocks are very full of bees, but 
light of honey; and at present, I think there would not be 
room for my first companions, as during wet days I find 
clusters on the outside, although drenched by rain. The 
plan of uniting I pursue is from Mr. Bayne’s advice. I 
turn up the hive on a fine morniug,-and cut clean out all the 
comb, and return the skep to its place, and the bees, to all 
appearance, work on as happily as ever. At night I lay a 
board in front of the hive they are to be joined to, then give 
the skep containing the bees a smart jerk upon the board, 
and dredge them with flour, and set the other skep over them ; 
very early next morning, set the skep in its former place, 
and all goes on merrily. Before using the flour, I used to 
find much fighting going on. Is there any better plan, and 
when should it be done?— West Norfolk.” 
[Unless bees intended to be joined stood side by side, 
much loss of life is sure to follow ; but if one of your stocks 
is placed on a moveable stand immediately, and advanced 
about twelve inches every other day towards the other, till 
the boxes are in contact, allVill be well. The end of Sep¬ 
tember or beginning of October will be the best time for 
i effecting their union.] 
THE “GREEN MARKETS” OF LONDON. 
(Concluded from page 448.) 
I have already mentioned the circumstances which led to 
the establishment of Earringdon market. It stands on an 
407 
area of 07,870 square feet, between Earringdon-street and 
Shoe-lane. It is the property of the Corporation of London. 
Thero are about 78 stands and 50 pitchings, rented by the 
year at T4 per stand and £2 a pitching. There are about 
42 wholesale salesmen, and upwards of 50 retailers. It lias 
been instituted about 22 years, and is chartered and in¬ 
corporated. The tolls upon the various commodities are:— 
For every waggon, or cart, or pitching stand, Od. per square 
foot; for every waggon, or its contents pitched (except pota¬ 
toes), Is. per day; every cart, or its contents pitched (except 
potatoes), Od. per day; every waggon or cart stand, without 
a pitching stand, Is. per day ; every pitching stand without 
a waggon stand, Is. per day; potatoes, Is. per ton; potatoes, 
2d. per sack ; baskets of more than a sieve, Id. per basket; 
baskets of less than a sieve, ,|d. per basket; oranges per 
chest, 4d.; boxes, 2d.; hampers of watercressses, 2d. per 
hamper; pitching stands under the roof, if let to tenants of 
opposite shops, 2s. per week; pitching stands under the 
roof, if not tenants of opposite shops, 5s. per week ; for the 
use of the scales, id. per draught. The shops surrounding 
the market, which is square, more than half of them being 
shut up, let from 2s. to 10s. per week. Those shops are 
occupied by general dealers, but those of the fruit salesmen 
average 12s. per week. The market days are Monday, 
Wednesday, Friday, and Saturday. All classes are pur¬ 
chasers at this market. It is superintended by a clerk, 
beadle, and assistant. The labourers are ticketed aud un¬ 
ticketed porters. The market is cleansed by contract. It 
slopes to Fleet-ditch, and is well drained. There is a sort 
of covered or shedded central avenue. Farringdon is the 
great watercress mart. In the winter, poor, shivering, half- 
clad boys and girls surround the dealers’ stands, and buy 
one, two, or three handfuls. Five handfuls are Id. These 
they string on neighbouring doorsteps, the snow sometimes 
falling on their numbed fingers. 
The following are the returns of Farringdon Market for 
the year:— 
“ Potatoes—14,000 tons. 
“ Peas—7,000 sacks. 
“ Beans—1,200 sacks. 
“ French Beans and Scarlet Runners—3,000 bushels. 
« Cabbages—3,500 loads of 200 dozen each, or 8,400,Of 0 
cabbages. 
“ Brocoli— 1,300 loads, or 5,320,000 heads. 
« Turnips and Carrots—700 loads, averaging 00 dozens a 
load, or 504,000 turnips and carrots. 
“ Onions—0,000 bushels. 
“ Gooseberries—12,000 bushels. 
“ Currants—5,000 bushels. 
“ Cherries—12,000 bushels. 
“ Plums—3,000 bushels. 
“ Apples—35,000 bushels. 
“ Pears—20,000 bushels. 
“Strawberries—450 bushels. 
“ Watercresses—40,800 hampers, or 58,500 cwt. 
There are also 00,000 flower roots sold in a year. The 
supply is from Middlesex, Surrey, Essex, Kent, Cambridge¬ 
shire, and Bucks. It is sent by railway, cart, and waggon. 
Hungerford market was built by Sir Edward Hungerford, 
in 1080, and rebuilt in 1831. In Pennant’s time there was 
“ on the north side of the market-house a bust of one of the 
family in a large wig,” It is now divided into three depart¬ 
ments or areas. On the north, or open space, a number of 
omnibuses stop the entrance to the middle or grand hall, 
and to the south area, or fish market. The whole market 
stands upon an area of 52,890 square feet, and is situated 
opposite Charing-cross Hospital, or between the Strand and 
the Suspension-bridge. There are three promenades—one 
at the western side of the market, another on the eastern, 
and a third through the middle of the enclosed part Before 
this enclosure (occupied by general shopkeepers), which 
was made four or five years ago, the Quarterly Review pro¬ 
nounced this portion of the market closely to resemblo the 
interior of an ancient basilica. Each promenade leads to 
the Suspension-bridge, On the western side there are . 
butchers, 1 tripe-seller, 6 dealers in game and poultry, 2 
butter shops, 1 pork, 1 milk-seller, aud 7 fishmongers, 1 cook 
shop, 1 ginger-beer seller, 2 toy shops, 1 print-seller, 1 | 
basket maker, 1 confectioner, and 2 taverns. On the eastern I 
side are 1 tavern, 1 liair-dresser, 1 glass shop, 1 meal-man, 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER. 
