408 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER. 
September 12. 
3 potato shops, 11 fruiterers, 3 fruit anti vegetable dealers, 
2 greengrocers, 2 ginger-beer sellers, and 0 fishmongers. In 
the middle avenue there are 1 dealer in wardrobe clothes, l 
hoot and shoe maker, 1 grocer, 1 hair-dresser, 2 picture 
frame dealers, 2 milliners, 1 artist (profilist), 1 parasol and 
archery shop, 1 haberdasher, and 1 fishing-tackle maker; 
altogether, 74 shops and 3 taverns in the market, and 0 
shops in the arcade leading to the market. The fish¬ 
mongers, 13 in number, pay each £2 per week rent; the 
outside comer shops, 10s. Od. per week; shops in the 
enclosed part on the east and west side, from 11s. to AT per 
week; those in the'grand hall, from 4s. to 8s.; and the 
shops with dwelling-houses attached to them pay ACO per 
year. The whole of the shops are retail. This market was 
opened by authority of an act of Parliament in 1833. 
There are no tolls except for landed goods, neither is there 
any particular market-day. The market is superintended 
by a superintendent and 1 beadle. There are 10 ticket 
porters belonging to the company, who are employed in 
taking passenger’s luggage to and from the cabs to the 
steamboats or other places. The purchasers are generally 
the higher classes of society, though the market is visited 
by all classes. 
Portman market stands upon an area of 2$ acres, or 
108,900 square feet; on the north and south run Huntsford- 
terrace and New Church-street, and on the east and west, 
Salisbury-street and Carlisle street. This market is the 
property of Lord Portman. There are 40 stands for growers, 
who pay £7 10s. per year. These stands are also used by 
other parties, who rent them from the growers, and pay Is. 
per day. There are also four wholesale and 20 retail 
dealers. The market was instituted in 1830 by act of 
Parliament. There are no tolls paid in this, as in other 
wholesale markets. Monday, Wednesday, and Friday are 
the market days. All classes of society frequent this 
market. A clerk is the only person who superintends it. 
The only class of labourers are ticket porters, of whom 
there are but four. The cleansing of the market is done by 
contract. 
The returns for a year are— 
“ Potatoes—6,602 tons. 
“ Currants—20,000 sieves. 
“ Strawberries—6,000 sieves. 
“ Raspberries—4,000 sieves. 
“ Cherries—15,000 sieves. 
“Apples—16,000 bushels. 
“ Pears—10,000 bushels. 
“ Cabbages—7,280 loads of 200 dozen each, or 16,472,000 
cabbages. 
“ Brocoli—1,820 loads, or 546,000 head, the supply being 
only for three months. 
“ Turnips—40 loads of 60 dozen each weekly, for six 
months, or 748,800 turnips. 
“ Carrots—30 loads weekly of 60 dozen each, for six 
months, or 561,600 carrots.” 
To these returns must be added the sale of 12,000 
bushels of oranges ; also of between 300 and 400 flower 
roots. 
Carnaby market has been abolished since 1820. It was 
situated at the back of Carnaby-street. Its area was 1 j 
acre, or 65,340 square feet. At the time of its prosperity 
(about 30 or 40 years ago) it belonged to Sir T. Carnaby, 
from whom it took its name. Since that period it fell into 
the hands of the Craven family, to whom it still belongs. 
The square upon which the market was built is now formed 
into shops and private residences. There are 25 houses 
and shops, paying a rental averaging £55 per year. Craven 
Chapel takes up full one-third of the space upon which the 
market formerly stood. The market was instituted about 
150 years ago by act of Parliament. 
Finsbury market stands upon an area of 14,400 square 
feet, and is situated at the back of Finsbury-square, between 
Worship and Clifton streets. It is private property, and 
was instituted by charter in 1822. This market flourished 
about two or three years after it was first opened as a whole¬ 
sale market. It then began to decline, and became a 
retail market, but gradually dwindled away to nothing, so 
that all that remains of it is the houses. These are let to 
various tradesmen and private individuals, some of whom 
sublet the rooms to other parties. The rental averages 
about £25 per year for each .—Morning Chronicle. 
TO CORRESPONDENTS. 
Butcher’s Broom (M.A.) —This ( Ruscus aculeatus,) is common 
on bushy heaths and in dry-soiled woods. If you tell us where you live, 
we may be able to point out a neighbouring locality. It may he found 
in almost every county south of the Trent. 
Clianthus puniceus {A.B.C.). —How can we tell whether this, or 
any other plant, will grow in your vicinity against a wall, when we do 
not know whether you live in the Orkneys or the Isle of Wight ? 
Legs of Siianghaes ( A Beginner). —Feathers on the legs are abso¬ 
lutely necessary if you aim at success in the exhibition pens. Select 
the best of those you have “ well-feathered to the toes.” 
Bottlin.g Beer.— A Subscriber will be obliged by directions for 
bottling a cask of strong ale for long keeping. 
Incubators (W . Lesman). —We shall be very much obliged by the 
communication of your experience with these. We do not intend to 
publish any plates of them. We are glad you approve of the portrait. 
Hollyhocks ( A Subscriber).— You may either buy plants; or you 
may sow seed in the spring; or you may raise plants from cuttings of 
the stem. Buy Mr. Paul’s little pamphlet, “An Hour with the Holly¬ 
hock.” Move Raspberries in November. 
Potato Water (J. Newland).— There is no truth in the notion that 
the water in which Potatoes have been boiled is injurious to pigs or other 
animals. They eat Potatoes raw with benefit, and the Potatoes have 
then in them all that the water can extract. There is no poisonous 
matter in the tubers of Potatoes, although there is in the stems. We 
shall be glad of an answer to the following queries, by the same eorres- 
pondent: “.Is it true that Mangel Wurzel leaves or root purges pigs? 
and what is the best mode of giving Mangel Wurzel, Swedes, or Turnip 
Cabbage, to pigs ? if cooked, or raw; and if mixed with any other kind of 
root, corn, or water ? I think if it was more generally known that Turnip 
Cabbage is a first-rate vegetable for table use, more would be growm; it 
is sown here (Jersey) in May, and treated exactly the same as Swedes, 
either transplanted (which it stands well) to eighteen inches either way, 
or thinned out to that distance.” 
SauARE Net. — A.B. is obliged to Mr. Tegetmeier for the directions 
given in The Cottage Gardener some time since, for making a square 
net, and hopes he will shortly give the further information then promised. 
Flower-garden Plan, and a General Plan of a Place (R. 
R.).— You say, “advice upon the whole arrangement will be most thank¬ 
fully received;” but as we do not know whether you are at the North or 
South Pole, at Gibraltar or Jamaica, or in her Majesty’s dominions any¬ 
where else, we cannot tell you anything but guesses that would be of no 
use to you. The north, south, or middle, of any county or shire in the 
three kingdoms would be sufficient guide to us. Your plan is familiar 
to us—a slight alteration on one published by Loudon, we think, many 
years back. The plan of the flower-garden is better suited for gravel, 
and the beds to be edged with box. Make it a gravel edge by all means 
but not lower than eighteen inches; the sides not to be a “ gentle slope,” 
but one of forty or forty-five degrees in The angle, with three steps down 
to the level of the gravel at the four opposite sides, if possible. The six- 
feet walk on the top will then be a terrace-walk all round, and the whole 
will look well, and be artistical throughout. 
General Index (Q. R. E. and others).—We have often thought of 
this, and had it asked for, but the expense renders it inexpedient. 
Names of Plants (.Philo).— Your plants are Salvia Grahamii, Me- 
sembryanthemum coccincum, and Medicago arborea. ( Lancustriensis). 
—Probably Silene effusa. ( Violet, At. L.).— The field flower is Gnapha- 
lium sylvaticum, alias G. rectum ; your Fern is Asplenium Ruta-muraria. 
(J. Deegan).— 1. Thuja, we do aot .recognise which. 2 . Berberis fasci- 
cularis. 3. Juniperus plicenicea. 4. Taxodium sempervirens. 5 . Thuja 
orientalis, par. Tartarica. 
London : Printed by Harry Wooldridge, Winchester High-street, 
in the Parish of Saint Mary Kalendar; and Published by William 
Somerville Orr, of Church Hill, Walthamstow, in the County of 
Essex, at the Office, No. 2 , Amen Corner, in the Parish of Christ¬ 
church, City of London.—September 12th, 1851. 
