November 4. 
THE COTTAGE GAEDENER. 
WEEKLY CALENDAR. 
75 
4 Tii 
5 F 
6S 
7 Sun 
8 M 
9 Tv 
>10 W 
NOVEMBER 4-10, 18.^2, 
Laburnum leafless. 
Gunpowder Plot, i605. 
Cherry leafless. 
22 Sunday AFTER Trinity. 
Lombardy Poplar leafless. 
Prince of Wales born, 1841. 
, Weather 
\ Barometer. 
NEAR London in 1851. 
Thermo. Wind. Rain in In. 
Sun 
Rises. 
Sun 
Sets. 
Moon 
R. & S. 
Moon’s 
Age. 
Clock 
aft. Sun. 
Day of 
Year. 
30.002-- 29.782 
40—22 1 N. 
02 
1 a. 7 
26 a. 4 
10 13 
22 
16 
17 
309 
30.084—29.884 
45—37 1 W. 
02 - 
3 
24 
11 28 
16 
1.5 
310 
29.870 — 29.846 
47—38 N.W. 
— 
5 
22 
morn. 
24 
I6 
12 
311 
29.835 — 29.770 
47—35 i N.E. 
— 
7 
21 
0 48 
25 
16 
9 
312 
29.874 —29.835 
48—38 ' N.E. 
07 
9 
19 
2 10 
26 
l6 
4 
313 
29.869 — 29.803 
43-39 : S.E. 
14 
11 
17 
3 35 
27 
15 
59 
314 
29 . 757 — 29.626 
49—28 N.E. 
01 
12 
16 
5 1 
28 
15 
53 
315 
Meteorology OF TBE Week. At Chiswick, from observations during the last twenty-five rears, the average highest and lowest tempera- 
tures of these days are 51.8“ and 37.6“ respectively. The greatest heat, 63“, occurred on the 6th in 1834 ; and the lowest cold, 20“, on the 3r<; 
in 1845. During the period 91 days were fine, and on 84 rain fell. 
LONG TUBED-FLOWERED OXYANTH. 
{Oxyanthus tuhijloriis.) 
This is a liandsome stove evergreen shrub, about three 
feet high, from Sierra Leone, liaving white starry, fragrant 
flowers, ivith long tubes, as expressed by its names, Oxy- 
aiithiis being derived from oxys, shaiir, and antlais, a flower, 
referring to the sharp pointed or starry divisions of both 
the flower and flower-cup, alias calyx. It is figured in 
Andrews's Botanical Beporls as Gardenia inbijlora,* Tlie 
genus consists of plants having flow'ers more or less tubular, 
but there is a marked difference in the extraordinary lengtli 
of the tube in the present species, wliich justifies the a^i- 
plication of the specific name, tuhijlnrus. The genus was 
founded, some yeoi’S since, by l)e Candolle. Tlie present 
species was received by the Earl of Derby direct from Sierra 
Leone, and was sent by him to Kew, where it flowered for 
the first time in the July of 1851. It had previously been 
cultivated at Kew, but erroneously, as the O. spccinsns of De 
Candolle. Leaves unequal sided, opposite, about four 
inches long, pointed-reversed-egg-shaped, smooth, almost 
stalkless ; Jlowers in a single cluster, on very short stalks, 
from between a leaf and the branch; corolla greenish- 
white, six inches long; slamcns at the month of the tube; 
stif/ma projecting out of the tube. It belongs to Pentandria 
Monogynia of Linnceus. 
The genus belongs to a section of the Cinchonads, which 
is named in Latin after Gardenia, and may be translated 
Oardeniads, Its nearest relationship is with Bosoqueria, but 
• It is 0. tubiflorus in Botanical Magazine, t. 4636. 
is not far removed from Gardenia, and Bandia. Formerly, 
and even at the present day, tlie plants included in this 
extensive order are called Madderworts {Ruhiaceai), by 
some able botanists. The natural differences between the 
true Cinchonads and the real Madderworts are so obvious, 
however, that the young gardener can point them out at 
first sight. All the Madders have square stalks, and the 
leaves are in whorls round the stalk, without any stipules. 
The Cinchonads, on the other hand, have not a single plant 
among tliem with a square stalk, out of the 2,500 species 
enumerated as such, nor one having the leaves produced in 
whorls, and every one of them have stipifles; the stipules 
themselves being placed diflerently in Cinchonads from all 
other plants, that is not immediately under the foot-stalk of 
the leaf, but intennediate between one pair of leaves, and 
the next pair; or, as hotani.sts say, interpetiolary. Almost 
all the Madders are as mere weeds to gardeners, while the 
great majority of Cinchonads are among his best stove 
plants, as Ixora, Bonvardia, Gardenia, Rondeletia, Hindsia, 
Benias, Manetlia, and many more such. B. J. 
Bropayution and Culture. —All the best flowering plants in 
this largo order are natives of countries lying within the 
tropics, and, tlierefore, require stove heat in this country, 
and of them it may he said, more than of other tribes, that, 
as long as they are in the nursing state, tlie temperature of 
a close pit, with a brisk bottom-heat, derived from stable- 
dung, or the old hotbed system is more necessary for them, 
and more congenial to their nature ; and also, that while in 
this progressive state, they require more peat in the compost 
than most woody stove plants. 'With these general rules 
before the propagator, he takes cuttings of Oxyanthns tiihi- 
Jlorus, from the tops of the side-shoots, early in Jlarch; 
plants them close to the sides of a small pot filled with a 
compost of one-half peat and one-half sand, with an inch 
of silver sand on the top; and when the pot has had time 
to drain, after a liberal watering, he places it within another 
pot, one size larger, filling the space between the two pots 
with any light compost, finishing with a little sand on the 
top, to receive his bell glass, which must rest about half 
way between the two pots. If all goes on ns it should, he 
expects to see hi.s cuttings rooted in six weeks, hut a week 
or two, more or less, will not damp Ills ardour, if liis 
cuttings do not damp off meanwhile, and to save them from 
that, lie takes off' the glass occasionally, wipes it dry, and 
sees that the sand is neillier too wet, nor over dry about the 
cuttings. At otlier times, he merely w'aters the outside of 
the bell-glass, which will trickle down in the outside pot, 
and so keep the inner pot and the cuttings sufficiently 
damp to insure safety, and the emission of roots. IVheu 
the cuttings are well rooted, lie shakes them gently out of 
the pot, and using two-thirds peat, and one-third sand, he 
pots them singly into little pots, hut instead of placing his 
little plants in tlie middle of the pot, old-blue-apron like, 
lie puts each of them in quite close to the side of the pot, 
and this allows more space for the tender roots, and they 
will not he so likely to get broken. After a gentle watering 
with warm water, he plunges the pot again in the hotbed, and 
puts a small liand-glass over them to insure a speedy 
growtli. A few days after this, he tilts the hand-light on 
one side, to inure his nurslings to the air by degrees. In a 
few more days the hand-light is left off at night, and put 
on after breakfast time, and the first cloudy day he leaves 
the hand-glass off altogether. A son born to an Empire 
No. CCXIY., VoL, IX. 
