154 
THE COTTAGE GARDENEE. 
November 25. 
candle ends crushed and mixed with arsenic—this is a sure destructive 
ajrent. Heat, moderate, to induce rest; day, with sun, 70°; without, 
65°; night, 55° to 60°. Insects, destroy diligently ; one pair destroyed 
this month will prevent a numerous brood next year. Moisture in 
THE Air, supply to plants growing. Pot groiving plants : several 
will start this month ; do this before new roots are formed. Peat, 
procure ; choose the most fibrous ; the best is found in dry woods, where 
the Common Brake (Pteris aquilina) abounds; the roots of this fern 
form the best fibrous peat. sStanuopeas, in baskets, beginning to 
grow, put into fresh baskets with fresh peat; four inches deep is quite 
sufficient. Water at the roots, apply only to growing plants, and that 
round the edges of the pots. Young Shoots, look to, and keep the 
centre dry, or they will rot. T. Atpledy. 
PLANT STOVE. 
Air, give on all favourable occasions. Aciiimenes, pot a batch to 
flower early. Amaryllis, pot a portion, and plunge in a moderate 
tan-pit to flower early. Begonias, to bloom early, repot. Clero- 
DENDRUMS beginning to grow, repot towards the end of the month, 
place in heat, and water moderately. Eranthemums, winter-flowering, 
water freely, and occasionally with liquid-manure. Ferns, repot small 
plants; reduce the w’ater to old ones; cut down decaying fronds. 
Franciscea, pot a few, and place in heat, to flower early. Gardenias, 
pot a batch, wash every leaf, and place in dung heat, to start them to 
grow, and kill insects on them, especially the red spider, the great enemy 
of Gardenias. Gesneras showing signs of growth, shake out of old 
soil, and pot in fresh compost, give little water and moderate heat till 
next month. Gloxinias, treat a few similarly. Hoya Bella, a new 
and beautiful species, put in baskets, and train downwards. Ixoras, 
keep cool, and moderately dry, through the month. I.uculia gra- 
TissiMA, in flower, remove into a greenhouse, to prolong the bloom. 
Lycopods, divide and repot. Passiflora, and other climbers, prune, 
and tie neatly in. Plants to Force, such as Persian Lilacs, 
Rhododendrons, Roses, &c., place in a forcing-house, to bring them 
on to flower early. Uogieras, a genus of winter-blooming plants, 
should he now showing flowers. Sericographis Giieisbregiitiana, 
another addition to our winter-flowerers, repot, and water freely after the 
blooms are visible. Tan beds, renew, to keep up a good heat through 
the winter. In every department of the stove, let cleanliness prevail; 
clear the surface of the pots of moss and lichen; stir up the soil care¬ 
fully, without injuring the roots ; search diligently for insects; keep the 
walls and floors as dry and clean as possible; remove decaying leaves as 
soon as they occur; wash pots with plants in that have become green; 
and let neatness bo the general order of the day throughout the month. 
T. Appleby. 
FLORISTS, FLOWERS. 
Auriculas and Polyanthuses, protectfrom severe frost; give air on 
every fine day; keep as dry as possible without flagging, remove decaying 
leaves, and stir the surface of the soil occasionally. Calceolarias : 
seedlings transplant; seed may yet be sown. Carnations and Pico- 
TEES, shelter from frost, snow, and heavy rains; give air to on fine days, 
even to pulling off the glass; in wet weather give air by propping up the 
light behind; water, if very dry; w’atcli for slugs, and destroy them. 
Cinerarias, protect from frost; repot seedlings. Chrysanthemums, 
give occasional supplies of liquid-manure to, to bring out the later blos¬ 
soms. Dahlias, examine, cut off any decaying part to the quick; 
protect from frost. Fuchsias, cut off young wood, and keep the plant 
dry. Hollyhocks may be planted in open weather; mulch with 
short Utter; cuttings pot off, and seedlings transplant. Hyacinths in 
beds, shelter from frost, by mulching. Hyacinths in pots, place a few 
in heat, to bloom early; in glasses, wash the roots in pure water, to 
cleanse off the green slime ; give them fresh water in the glasses. Tall 
Lobelias, take up, pot, and pack away in a shed, till they make fresh 
shoots in March. Pinks, look to after frost, and press the earth to the 
plants. Ranunculus beds, prepare. Tulip beds, shelter from frost, 
heavy rains, and snow; finish planting, b. Verbenas in frames, give 
abundance of air to; if mildew prevails, dust with sulphur ; protect from 
hard frost; water seldom, and only then when absolutely necessary; 
pick off decaying leaves. In this month fresh soils may be procured; 
LEAVES collected; heaps of manures, loam, and peat, frequently turn 
over to sweeten and pulverize. T. Appleby. 
ORCHARD. 
Almonds, plant. Apples (Espalier), prune, &c.; plant, &c. Apri¬ 
cots, plant. Brine, apply with a scrubbing-brush to stems and 
branches of fruit-trees, to destroy insects, eggs, and moss. Compost, 
provide. Cherries (Wall and Espalier), prune and train; plant. 
Chesnuts, plant. Currants, prune ; plant. Cuttings of Gooseber¬ 
ries and Currants may be planted. Espaliers, prune and regulate. 
Figs, protect from frost. Filberts, plant. Fork the surface around 
fruit-trees. Fruit-room, ventilate occasionally, and keep dark. Goose¬ 
berries, plant; prune. Layers, plant. Loam and Compost, obtain. 
Medlars, plant. Mulberries, plant. Mulch, put around newly- 
planted trees, Nails and Shreds, draw and prepare in bad weather. 
Nectarines, plant; prune and train in frosty weather. Nailing, 
proceed with in cold aspects. Peaches (See Nectarines), Pears, 
plant. Planting, in general, proceed with. Plums, plant; (Wall and 
Espalier), prune. Pruning, attend to generally. Quinces, plant. 
Root-prune where necessary, Raspberries, plant; prune. Services, 
plant. Snails, destroy in their torpid state. Stake and support trees 
newly planted. Standards, remove dead and irregular branches from. 
Stations, make. Suckers, plant; remove from all fruits. Training, 
proceed with. Trench and prepare borders, &c., for planting. Thin 
orchard-trees. Vines, plant, prune, and train. Weather (bad), 
provide work for. Walnuts, plant. Wall-trees generally, prune 
and regulate. Walls, it is a ver^ beneficial plan to paint these by 
means of a white-washer's brush, with a liquid mixture of 8 lbs. lime, 
4 lbs. soot, and 6 lbs. sulphur. It destroys and banishes insects, as well 
as, by its dark colour, promoting warmth of the wall. The liquid em¬ 
ployed, in which to mix the above, should be urine and soap-suds in equal 
proportions. 
Any trees proposed to be regrafted in the spring, may be headed down 
now, but the stumps of the branches should be left sufficiently long to 
permit a few inches more to he cut off at the time of grafting. 
R. Kerington. 
FORCING HOUSE. 
Air, see Ventilation, Asparagus, promote succession crops; bottom- 
heat 70°; plenty of air when up. Apricots, see Peach. Bottom- 
heat, sustain generally about 72° to 76 °. Cucumbers, top dress, apply 
liquid-manure and stop, and keep glass clean over head ; air heat, 6 u° to 
70 °. Cherries, (see Peach). Coverings, apply assiduously, so as to be 
able to give air frequently. Fires, use discreetly, to repel frost, to sus¬ 
tain the proper temperature, and to be able to give air rather liberally. 
Figs, (see Peach). Glass ; wash all roofs. Grapes, late fruit, fire freely 
in the day with much air; avoid spilling water in house, and use the 
scissors once a-week thoroughly. Insects, extirpate, now is the time; 
do not forget the soft-soap, the sulphur, the sponge, and fumigation. 
Kidney-beans, pot in five-inch pots, four in a pot; the Dun*s and 
Newington Wonder ; light secure by all means; keep glass clean washed. 
Mushrooms, temperature 50° to 55°; plenty of air moisture. Nec¬ 
tarine and Peach in blossom, keep at about 55° by day, at night 
about 40°; water very sparingly; shake branches gently, to distribute 
the pollen ; stir earth around often. Pines, secure 60° to 70° to fruiters, 
with plenty of air ; bottom-heat, 77 ° in dung-pits, keep hardy by plenty 
of air, and good linings; no water until the end of January. Roots, 
protect in all tubs, boxes, pots, &c. Sea-kale, provide successions; 
bottom-heat 70 °. Strawberries, introduce about the middle of 
December, earlier is not safe; begin at 50° in heat, and a bottom- 
heat 60 °. Tarragon, I^Iint, Sorrel, Marjoram, &c., introduce 
to bottom-heat. Let Heat follow in a ratio to the light, at any 
period. Ventilate as freely as you dare at all times. Vines to force, 
begin at 50°; in blossom, maximum, 70°; keep air moist, and get a 
warmth in border of 75°; sulphur freely ; remember the dreaded mildew. 
Water, apply always in a tepid state. R. Errington. 
KITCHEN GARDEN. 
Artichokes, dress. Asparagus-beds, dress, b.; plant to force; 
attend that in forcing. Beans, plant a good main crop the first week in 
the month, if not done the last week in November. Beets (Red), dig 
up and store, b. Borecoles, full grown, may be taken up with good 
balls of earth, and planted in any nook or corner, or plot of ground of less 
value, in open weather. Brocolis, treat the same, but lay in deeper, so 
as to earth up the stems well; lay them in carefully, with their heads 
towards the north. Thus moving these vegetables gives an opportunity 
to prepare the quarters they occupied for other important crops; they are 
thus better enabled to stand the severe weather that may be expected, 
and, being closer together, they are much more convenient for protection. 
Cabbages, plant; earth up. Cardoons, earth up. Carrots, store 
the main crops if not done, and attend to those growing in frames, &c. 
Cauliflowers, attend to airing in all favourable weather those in 
frames or under hand-glasses; remove all decayed leaves, and look after 
slugs. Celery, earth up, and protect when necessary. Colew'Orts, 
plant. Composts, prepare and turn over. Cucumbers, attend to those 
bearing ; sow seed towards the end of the month for plants to plant out 
in the middle of January. Dung, prepare for hot-beds. Earthing-up, 
attend to. Endive, take up full grown on a dry day, and plant deep 
and close together at the foot of walls, or other w'arm dry corners conve¬ 
nient for protection in severe weather. Horse-radish may be dealt 
within the same way as directed for the Jerusalem Artichoke. Hot-beds, 
attend to. Jerusalem Artichokes, give a good top-covering of any 
rough mulching or garden-refuse, so as to keep out frost, and to enable 
them to be taken up when required ; yet it is well to have a few of the 
roots stored for fear of snow, or other rough W'eather, at the very time 
they are wanted. Kidney Beans, force, e. Leaves, fallen, collect 
together. Lettuces, attend to those advancing in frames on a gentle 
beat; see that no drip falls into the hearts of the plants, and give all 
the air the weather w’ill permit to such as are planted in frames for 
winter protection only. Liguorice, dig up. Mint, force. Mush- 
room-beds, make; attend to those in production. Parsnips, dig 
up and store, b. Peas, sow in the open ground of the best early kinds, 
protecting them from frost, mice, slugs, and birds. Plants, to produce 
seed, attend to, b. Potatoes may be planted in light soils in open 
weather, and in hot-beds towards the end of the month ; examine often 
the in-door stores. Radishes and Small Salading, sow in frames, 
&c. Rhubarb, take up and pot off for forcing, or cover up with pots or 
tubs and fermenting materials. Sea-kale, cover up with fermenting 
materials; fallen leaves are the best materials both for covering up the 
Sea-kale and Rhubarb. Spinach, keep clear of weeds, and fallen and 
decayed leaves. Tansy, force. Tarragon, force. Trench, drain, 
&c., vacant ground. Weeding, attend to. Be on the alert of a frosty- 
looking evening, and Cover up a little earlier. Turnips, any quan¬ 
tity, according to the demand, may be taken up and stored, or packed up 
tidy in a corner, to be buried in coal-ashes, so as to be come-at-able when 
required. We always make it a rule, at this season of the year, to store 
in little or much, according to the appearance of the weather, a dozen 
or two of Celery, and Endive, Brocoli, or anything else that is likely to 
be required. T. Weaver. 
London; Printed by Harry Wooldridge, Winchester High-street, 
in the Parish of Saint Mary Kalendar; and Published by William 
Somerville Obr, at the Office, No. 2, Amen Corner, in the Parish cf 
Christ Church, City of London.^November 2Sth, 1852. 
