164 
THE COTTAGE GAEDENEK. 
Hegembkr 2 . 
or other coveriug, may be given them in severe weather. 
From October and onwards, a lew rows of them perfume 
a garden. I understand something grand in this way 
is looming in the near. A deep, loamy, well-drained 
soil is that in which all the varieties I liave met with in 
this section delight. If the soil is light and sandy, and 
tolerably rich withal, the number and size of the leaves 
will keep the flowers in the shade. 
4. The Double Blue and Double White. —The last 
is the most tender. Unless in very mild winters, neither 
of them flower much until spring. For fine effect, pro¬ 
pagate and cultivate the same as the Neapolitan, by 
runners, slips, and divisions. As flowers are produced 
on the first-formed runners, as well as the crown, they 
may remain several years in the same ground, but the 
flowers are likely to get less and less in size. A rich, 
deep, dry loam is their delight. In such circumstances, 
the bloom from strong young plants is truly fine. In 
sandy and clialky soils the iflants run too much to leaf. 
Need I mention again, that the blooms of all, when 
dried, long retain their scent. E. Fish. 
CONIFEEflE. 
{Conliniied from page 120). 
Juniperus communis (The Common Juniper).—This 
species is a native of Britain, and the colder parts of i 
Asia and North America, growing, under favourable i 
circumstances, to the height of ten or twelve feet, form¬ 
ing then a thickly-branched and not inelegant low tree. 
Its perfect hardihood recommends it for aU open and 
exposed situations, where few other plants woidd exist. 
There are several varieties, some of which far surpass 
the original species in beauty—namely, Juniperus com¬ 
munis Canadensis (The Canadian J.), a dwarf bush from 
three to five feet high; Juniperus communis Cracovia, 
found near Cracow, a handsome, upright-growing variety; 
J. communis Hibernica, and Hihernica compressa, the : 
Irish Junipers; these are also upright-growing varieties; ] 
the latter, as its name imjiorts, being very much com- j 
pressed in its habit; J. communis ohlonga, and ohlonga ' 
pendula. The latter is a very elegant drooping variety, i 
Both attain the height of ten feet, and are natives of 
China and Japan. And, lastly, J. communis Suecica, 
the Swedish Juniper, a well-known favourite variety. 
It is said that in the forest of Fontainbleau tliis 
variety has attained the height of fifty feet, and various 
articles of furniture are made of its timber. I men¬ 
tioned this fine variety in my notice of Alton Towers ; 
and as it is fifteen years since I saw them, and they 
were then eight feet high, I suppose they will be now 
nearly double that height. Why do not we plant this 
tree for timber, as its wood is so excellent for cabinet 
work? It is cheap enough—twenty-live shillings wifi i 
buy a hundred of them a foot high at the wholesale | 
nurseries. | 
J. DKUPACEA (The Drupe-fruited J.).—Native of the [ 
plains of Syria, where, in almost all sand, it thrives | 
and attains the height of ten feet. 1 
J. EXCELSA (The Tall J.).—This handsome species is 
a native of Siberia, the higher parts of the Himalayas, j 
and North America. There it often rises to the height | 
of forty feet, but the highest I have seen in this country | 
was fifteen feet (see page 14-t). The timber of this I 
species is excellent. There is a dwarf variety called i 
nana, and in gardens reliyiosa, being used in some piarts j 
in sacrifices, on account of its aromatic qualities when | 
burning. i 
J. ELACCiDA (The Weak J.). — This is a curious | 
species, with a slender, elegant habit. Being a native 
of Mexico, it requires a greenhouse or conservatory 
to grow it in. The loaves are lance-shaped, and the 
branches are drooping; it grows to a great height. 1 
J. FRAGRANs (The Swcet-smelling J.).—From Nepaul; | 
also rather tender. Very little is known of this rare * 
species. , 
J. GossAiNTHANEA.—This IS a rare species. I saw ! 
several fine plants of it lately in Mr. G. -Jackman’s ] 
niu'sery, near Woking, in Surrey ; and, from the habit 
and colour, I should say it will be, when better known 
and more full grown, a most elegant tree. It is per¬ 
fectly hardy. 
J. Lycia (The Lycian J.).—A native of Greece, the 
Levant, and Siberia; a handsome species, growing 
fifteen feet high. 
-J. MACROCABPA (The I-arge-fruited J.).—I have seen 
some fine specimens of this silvery-leaved Juniper, and 
can confidently recommend it as a very ornamental 
species. The cones are of a pale blue when young. 
It is a native of Greece, where it is highly esteemed, 
and planted freely. 
J. Mexicana ('The Mexican-].).—The branches of this 
Juniper are unlike all the rest; they spread out at the 
base, regularly shortening-in upwards, and thus form a 
handsome pyramidal tree, some 40 feet high. Unfor¬ 
tunately it is too tender to bear the open air in winter in 
this counti'y, but it is well worthy of a place in a lofty 
conservatory. 
J. NANA (The Dwarf J.).—This small bush is found 
in Europe, Asia, and North America. It has more 
synonymes than perhaps any other species. It is the 
J. alpina of Eay; the J. montana of Aiton ; the J. 
communis nana of Loudon; the J. communis alpina of 
Wohlenberg; the J. communis saxatile of Pallas; and 
the J. minor montana of Bauhin. It is Willdenow 
that has named it simply J. nana, the name I have ' 
adopted; and a more expressive one need not be; it is 
truly a dwarf, seldom reaching, even when old, more 
than a foot high. It is useful to plant at a corner where 
two walks separate, or close to the walk of the Pinetum; 
arranging well with such plants as Abies clanbrassiliana, 
J. sabina gjrostrata, and such-like alpine, low-growing 
ConiferiE. 
J. occiDENTALis (The Western J.).—This species, in 
its native wilds, is a giant among its kindred, rising to the 
altitude of eighty feet, forming a noble tree. It is found 
in groat quantity on the higher part of Columbia, where 
it is greatly esteemed as a timber-tree. No doubt, when 
more plentiful, it will be grown extensively in this 
country, both for its beauty and usefulness. 
J. OxYCEDRUs (The Thorny Cedar, or Brown-berried 
J.).—The species is confined to Europe. It is grown 
largely in Spain, Portugal, the south of France, and in ' 
Italy, and has been grown in Britain for more than a 
century. It is a very low tree, seldom exceeding twelve 
feet. There are three varieties, namely taurica, echini- 
formis, and Witmanniana. They are all handsome, and 
should be in every collection of any note ; but in the 
northern parts of this country they are rather tender. 
J. Phocnicea (The Phoenician J.).—Native, as its ’ 
name imports, of the south of Europe. It is also found 
in Eussia! and grows from fifteen to twenty feet high. 
A beautiful, light-green-leaved tree. 
-I. PSEUDO Sabini (The False Savin).—Native of the 
Altai mountains; growing much in the style of our 
common Savin, but more upright, and rather lighter | 
green. I 
J. PYRAMiDALis (The PyramidiJ -J.).—Not much is 
known of tliis species; there is a plant so named in the 
I-ondon Horticultural Society’s garden at Chiswick. 
-J. RECURVA (The recurved Nepaul -1).—A very dis¬ 
tinct species, with both leaves and branches turned | 
back, or recurved; the foliage is light green. It requires i 
a dry soil, is perfectly hardy, and very ornamental in I 
sheltered places. .Exposed to the north winds it is apt 
to turn rusty in winter, much in the same style as the i 
Crgptomeriu japjoniea. The variety named densa is a 
