82 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER. 
November 0. 
we plant out two or three another year Why then are 
we so ready to condemn a new one, because it dis¬ 
appoints us. Give us a flower that is a good model, 
when we can catch it, however seldom that may be, and 
not one that is more first-rate, though always to be had. 
The raiser of the best Dahlia of the season. Dr. Framp- 
ton, puts out six or eight varieties, we forget exactly 
how many, but he makes an allowance for those who 
take all, by sending the whole for .£2. The separate 
prices vary. Some are 10s. 6d., some 7s. 6d., and some 
5s., and he feels as confident upon the whole, as he 
does upon any one. E. Y. 
NEW PLANTS. 
THEIR PORTRAITS, BIOGRAPHIES, AND CULTURE. 
Bordered-ltpped Trichopil (Trichopilia marginata). 
—Gardeners’ Magazine of Botany , iii. 185.—This is the 
Trichopilia coccinea of gardens. The genus Trichopilia 
1 consists of a few orchids from their intermediate native 
regions of the order in Mexico, Guatemala, and on¬ 
wards probably to the Equator. The subject of this 
biography was discovered by M. Warczewicz, in 1849, 
on the heights of New Grenada, whence, we believe, it 
j was sent to England, to be distributed under the 
| hammer of Mr. Stevens, at his great emporium in King- 
i street, Covent Garden, so that it reached the hands of 
I several cultivators at the same time, but the first suc- 
! cessful bloomer of it was J. H. Schroder, Esq , of Strat¬ 
ford, near London. He exhibited the plant in flower 
at the May gatherings of the great societies. When the 
plant is not in flower it might easily bo mistaken for 
one of those closely-grown, bulbed Maxillarias, from the 
highlands of Mexico, and similar parts, although the 
plant itself, in its botanical affinity, is long removed 
from the Mdxillars, being in the section represented 
by Brassia, and the next genus to Aspasia. 
The genus was founded by Dr. Lindley on Trichopilia 
tortilis, a Mexican species; and the name is derived from 
thrix, a hair, and pilion, a cap, in reference to a process on 
the top of the column which covers the anther like a cap. 
and which is guarded by three tufts of hairs. Marginata, 
the name of the species, refers to the whitish border on the 
labellum or lip of the flower, the rest of the lip, or central 
parts, being “ a deep purplish rose, or plum-colour, shaded 
off, and with veins radiating into the broad, white, recurved 
margin.” The other parts of the flower, called sepals and 
petals, spread out wide, in narrow bands, much twisted and 
crisped, as in the original species. The flower-scape issues 
from the bottom of the fleshy bastard, or pseudo-bulbs, and 
spreads out laterally or downwards, and carries only one 
flower on the top. The pseudo-bulbs are two leaved. Alto¬ 
gether this plant is neat and compact looking, and the 
flowers spreading out from below give it a very gay aspect 
when hanging from a block. All orchids are gynandrous, 
that is, the male and female organs grow in one body, called 
the column. Plants so constructed form the twentieth 
class in the Linmean system, Gynandria Monogynia. —B. J. 
[For the culture of the genus, see what Mr. Appleby says 
to-day. There is another species, T. Galeottiana, with yellow 
flowers, but which is known only by the description in 
Richard and Galeotti’s Orchidacecc Mexicans. —Ed. C. G.] 
THE FRUIT-GARDEN. 
Bottom-Heat: the Pine-apple, &c.—The time has 
now arrived when preparation must be made for a long 
and severe winter. Not that we would presumptuously 
assume the spirit of prophecy, but it is always the 
practice of men of long experience, and, consequently, 
possessing a clue amount of caution, to provide for the 
worst. And here it is that young beginners are apt to 
burn their fingers ; their bottom-heats prove too flimsy ; 
their flues are “caught tripping” in mid-winter through 
the want of a thorough cleaning and repairing just before 
the commencement of frost; their fermenting linings 
prove insufficient for want of a thorough bottoming at 
the same period ; they are short of mats, straw, or other 
covering, not having anticipated so hard a time; for 
“ who could have expected it?” These omissions, and, 
indeed, many others, young beginners are peculiarly 
liable to ; and as such remarks are of a timely character, 
they may not be without their use. 
In these days many good gardens possess tank-heated 
structures, that is, liot-water bottom-heats; with these, 
for the present, we have nothing to do. The majority, 
it is to be feared, use fermenting materials, and to such 
special attention is now requisite. 
The chief thing previously to the commencement of 
winter is to secure enduring bottom-heats; and where 
tan principally is used, this is a somewhat difficult affair, 
without “ burning,” as it is termed. Now, as some per¬ 
sons may not know what a “ burning heat ” is, in the 
gardening acceptation of the term, we may observe, that, 
ordinarily, any point over 90° at the root is either 
productive of that result or closely approximates it. Not 
but what many plants from exceedingly hot climates will 
endure many degrees more bottom-lieat at certain periods; 
and, indeed, to many it may be, for awhile, necessary: 
this, however, is the exception. We are told, for instance, 
that the Nelumhium enjoys a water temperature of 113° 
at Lantao in China, whilst Sir John Hersehel noted 
down 159° at the Cape of Good Hope on the 5th of 
December. As a set off, we are told that the mean 
temperature of the soil at Calcutta is about 80°. The 
mean temperature, however, is not a very good guide to 
the British gardener; and these things are merely 
named by-the-way to point to the varying condition 
under which the Almighty has placed the vegetable 
creation. 
The deficiency of the solar light in Britain, as com¬ 
pared with those countries where the Pine flourishes, 
must be taken fully into account by the Pine-grower. 
This it is in the main, which induces a judicious culti¬ 
vator to modify extremes, and to see that his bottom- 
