COUNTRY GENTLP]MAN’S COMPANION. 
OcTOJiEll oO. 
lion. Ill localities visited liy these emigrators, myriads of 
tliem will be found, especially on the foliage of Poaches and 
Nectarines ; and it would he advisable to remove all matured 
or ripened leaves with the insects upon them, and burn or 
otherwise destroy them. It would he well then to wash the 
■ trees over with the usual preparations employed for the de¬ 
struction of this insect. 
Tliere is a notion entertained by some, that these insects 
are brought over hither by east winds in the spring ; hut it 
will be seen, from the foregoing remarks, tliat sucli a notion 
is erroneous ; for it is certain that no winged aphis appears 
eitlier on plants or trees in tlie spring; and it is equally 
cei’tain that the wind could not carry eggs or the immature 
insect to any great distance.—J oshua Majok, Knosthorpe, 
near Leeds. 
\ QUERIES AND ANSWERS. 
I GARDENING. 
! GARDENING IN TIPPERARY.—FUCHSIA 
! CUTTINGS. 
: “ The summer here (Tipperai-y) was so moist that every- 
I thing out-of-doors grew very much, and on fine weather 
coming in September, and continuing till the 10th of Octo- 
her, the garden became gay with flowers, and I was un¬ 
willing to lift them for potting, or to take cuttings till very 
late. Tlie weather has been fine, with some rain at night, 
I and hot days till the 11th., when it blew and rained, and 
became cold. There has been no frost. Dahlias, Hollyhocks, 
Fvclisias, Heliolropcs, Ac., still flowering. I have, however, 
potted all my Scarlet Geraniums, and intend to keep them 
dry in pots all winter in the house. Out of the house, I 
have only a small frame, and the difficulty is to keep tilings 
in it fiom damping, when tlie winter is wet, and the sashes 
cannot be opened to lot in the air. I made a little hotbed 
' of stable dung, on which I plunged pots in earth, and 
covered them with hand-lights. Some cuttings of Oeraniums 
* have struck, and somo have decayed, getting black at the 
j bottom, and the black spreading upwards, without striking; 
' some I’cmain sound, but make no roots. The cut is made 
slanting, just below a joint, and put against the side of the 
' pot. Can you give me an idea why these failed ? Petunia 
cuttings seemed to strike and grow very easily. Calceolarias 
; have struck, but the leaves all turn nearly black, and Avhen 
; they are moved from the hotbed to the frame, I doubt 
! Avhether they will groAv. Should the leaA’es turn black ? and 
j should I cut them off? should I give them much air in the 
I frame, and any Avater? I almost think not the latter, as the 
I climate is so (lamp the earth and sand Avill absorb moisture. 
I “ I liaA'C a Cuphva so covered with bloom, in tbe open bor- 
‘ der, that I haA'O not potted it yet. I suppose I must pot it, 
I as it could not stand the Avintcr. Must 1 cut the flower-stems 
i oft’ before I j»ot it ? and should I put the pot on the hotbed, 
as it is so late ? The Cottage Gardeners’ Dictionary says, 
cuttings in sju-ing—Can I not strike them noAV ? There could 
I not be any cuttings got on my shrub except Avith flowers on. 
I I have one Salvia patens still lloAvering ; must I cut it doAvn 
* and pot the old root ? I have made some cuttings, but the 
; Avood seems so hard, I doubt Avhether they will strike rout. 
j “ Several cuttings of a Banksian Rose have a collar at the 
end, and some have vci'y small roots, 1 think, coming, 
f Must I leave them in tlie hotbed ? and if the hotbed gets 
' (luite cold, Avhich it Avill do in this Avet Aveather, being a small 
one, and has to be renewed, may I safely leave the pots in the 
earth on the neiv bed ? The earth is on branches, and I can 
take out the dung and put in fresh; or will they groAv now 
; in the cold frame ? 
“I have some very good Fuchsias, floAvering in iiots, from 
' cuttings 1 brought last autumn from the north of England. 
: Some that I have turned out liave the roots so matted that 
the earth and drainage crocks cannot be shaken out, and 
. they stand just as if they Avere in a pot. Should I leave 
them so for the Avinter, giving very little water ? or repot 
them now, cutting off most of the roots ? "With one or tAvo 
commoner ones 1 tried pulling out the crocks and earth, and 
■ I found most of the roots dead-looking ; but ncAV, fleshy, 
Avhite shoots from the roots, chiefly inside, half-an-inch, or 
75 
so, long, so that I cut oIf many large roots, and left ap¬ 
parently young roots enough to grow the plant. I potted 
these in smaller pots, and put them in the cold frame. I 
hope they Avill grow; but I shall not try experiments Avith my 
good ones till 1 hear from you. 
“ Is the inclosed Cyclamen, Pcrsicum ?■ The Dictionary 
says, Pcrsicum is tender. — Oscar.” 
[Your last question is the easiest, and Ave shall answer it 
first; the Cyclamen is not Pcrsicum, but Europeum —is quite 
hardy, and flowers in the open borders, ahvays in the 
autumn. Salvia patens Avill not root from cuttings after it 
makes a lloAver-stalk. The spring, therefore, is the proper 
time to increase it. The roots of it Avill keep in sand Avhich 
is not quite dry, or too wet, better than any way; but it 
ought to live Avith you in the border—Ave mean the roots— 
especially if you put a little cone of ashes over it. Just try 
this plan. About the cuttings for next year—If you Averc in 
England, people Avould think you Avere crazy if you talked 
about putting in your stock of them after the 10th of Octo¬ 
ber ; by that time all our cuttings, on this side the water, 
are rooted, except some Calceolarias and all the Fuchsias; 
I but they say Ave Englishers neA’er did understand the Irish 
j properly]; at all events, Ave cannot conceive how you are to 
! manage with them under the circumstances. Your old 
I Scarlets Avill do very well in pots, as you propose. The cut- 
tinys of Geraniums vflucli blackened at the bottom in the hot¬ 
bed, did so from too much damp. Scarlet Geranium cuttings 
should never get heat, or be confined, in the autumn ; and 
they Avill root in thousands, without a death, in the open 
borders, if they are put in from the end of July to the mid¬ 
dle of September. The leaves of the Calceolaria cultinys 
turned black from the pungent fumes of the dung, or else 
from a smothering confinement. The black leaves ought to 
have been cut off at once. They are the most likely to 
do Avell in the frame of all your plants, as they Ioa'c a cool, 
damp air, and not much light. Your Cuphea Avill keep in 
j sand, Just as we said about the blue Salvia; and it also may 
stand out Avith you after the same way. You cannot strike 
a single cutting of it now, if you Avere to try. The Dictionary’s 
I way is the only one sure chance for all amateurs Avith such 
means. The Banksian Rose cuttinys Avill all do, most likely; 
but we would not risk any more hot-bedding till February. 
It is the next thing to lightning and prussic acid from noAv 
till the middle of .fanuary; they kill things instantaneously, 
unless one is up to the exact scale for Avatching them. 
Your pot-bound Fuchsias must be as they are till the 
spring, and then shako all the soil from them, and disen¬ 
tangle the roots; but do not cut many of the roots; 
it is not a good plan till the plants get old and the 
roots are A'ery large indeed. This is a good time to 
put in strong cuttings of all the Fuchsias to flower out-pf- 
doors next summer. Such cuttings should be just six inches 
long; the place for them is Avhere they are Avanted to ftoAver 
next year ; the soil for them is any good, light garden soil, 
and five inches should be buried in the soil, leaving only one 
inch to show Avhere they stand, that inch Avill die, as sure as 
fate, if the Avinter is hard, but some of the bottom eyes Avill 
throAV up such sboots as no one can get in a pot, and then 
the flow-ers Avill be more brilliant, and ten times more of 
them than by tbe old Avay of pot-cuttings. AYe put in 
abundance of them this time last year, and none of them 
died. One of them, Ricartonii, Avould noAv be five feet high 
j did we not train the row as a hedge, to screen other things ; 
I but such lloAvers avc cannot describe, and no one Avould 
j believe us if avg did. If you wanted a hedge of Fuchsias 
' round a farm, get cuttings of Ricartonii put in from the 
end of October to the new year; but the sooner they are in 
after the middle of October the better, and soon they Avill 
groAV, and ftoAver next year ; but unless the land is very good, 
and iieAvly-trenched Avith some Avell-decayed manure, you 
must not expect your Fuchsias to be more than four feet 
high the first year.] 
OVER-LUXURIANT ROSE-SIIOOTS.—PRUNING TO 
THE QUICK.—ROSES ON THEIR OWN ROOTS. 
“ I am very fond of Roses, and want advice on the 
folloAving. In the months of July or August, I find, con¬ 
stantly, at the junction of the stock and scion there springs 
