84 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER. 
October 31. 
dry floor, where they may be turned in about a week; then, 
after laying another week, they may be carefully picked and 
stored away. Those stored weeks’ since should also be 
carefully examined, and every one infected taken out for 
present use. 
Cabbage Worts. —Little can be said about this class; 
they are now in full growth, and will merely require that 
their older foliage be picked occasionally for the pig. Those 
who want a good bed of strong Cabbage for June and July 
next, may still plant on well-manured soil; although the 
early part of October is the most proper period. If they 
are pricked out, however, I would advise their remaining 
| until the second week in February. 
! Protection. —Some loose litter should now be provided 
by those who have Lettuces, Cauliflowers, &c., to protect; 
and these things should not be covered until the soil they 
are in is frozen nearly an inch ; they may then be covered, 
and remain so for many days if frost continue, and when a 
thaw occurs not thoroughly uncovered,—a light straggling 
screen being left over them. 
Rotation of CRors.—Let the ground be now instantly 
examined, and the crops of the ensuing year be decided on, 
in order that all improvements, manuring, digging, trench¬ 
ing, (fee., may proceed at proper opportunities, and with 
strict reference to the crop intended. Let the cultivator 
employ his manure liberally for the root crops, excepting 
Potatoes, for which I strongly advise the poorest plot 
manured at planting time with good guano. If I were an 
Allotment man, or cottage gardener, I would do so if I sold 
some other article, so assured am I that it is by far the 
most eligible manure for the Potato under present circum¬ 
stances—the reasons why, I have before offered in these 
pages. The next year’s plan considered and determined, 
drainage, if any, should be carried out before all other work; 
and at leisure periods let all ground requiring renewal be 
deeply trenched and ridged for a winter’s fallow. This is of 
by far more importance than many people imagine, as I have 
well proved by long practice; but, in addition, science offers 
reasons which the truly experienced and unprejudiced can 
scarcely resist. I do not, expect that our cottage-garden 
friends can understand well the value of what the learned 
call “ science;” but neither they nor ourselves, in these 
advancing times, may stand still whilst the rest of the world 
is advancing with rapid strides; therefore, it is indeed a 
duty on our part, so to write and advise, as to try, with all 
our “ might and main,” to get them to cast a thought, now¬ 
and-then, on those considerations by which we have attained 
strength to assist the weak,—to be in a position to advise 
the uninformed. 
Those who have boundary-lines of hedges, or other forms, 
should now also pay some attention to the scouring of 
ditches, the dubbing of the hedges, and, indeed, the general 
clearing up of all materials which can contribute to the 
manure heap, and give an air of decency, system, and, of 
course, industry to the occupant. I presume that there is 
hardly one of our Allotment friends so tame, so unsocial, 
as not to possess a secret desire to please the proprietor of 
the soil, and, moreover, a desire to distinguish himself in 
reality: such there may be, and if so, I pity them. When 
we look at the enthusiasm and pluck of our brave army, 
| according to late advices, we may very fairly turn to our 
friends of the workshop, the allotment, or the cottago- 
| garden, and say, Gan you look on and hear of such deeds of 
; daring in our army and navy, and not yourselves possess a 
desire for distinction ? But it cannot be so. What is called 
“ pluck,” is, I am well assured, not confined to the army and 
navy of old Britain. 
“ The sons of the soil, 
In their daily toil,” 
will show, I am persuaded, that they are of the same blood 
and spirit as our brave veterans, who, everybody knows, have 
nobly borne upward the British name. Advance, then, be the 
word; and this, properly translated, I suppose, means 
perseverance, and a casting away of prejudices and fears. 
Those who can find time will do well to turn and divide 
their manure-heaps when in a dryish state; for it is far 
better divided in the heap than when wheeled out on the 
land ; and I will engage, that three barrowfuls, well divided, 
will go as far as four in a rough state, and produce more 
benefit to the crops. 
I hope that our readers will not forget the benefits 
derivable from charring refuse materials, weeds, <fcc.; and, 
in order to augment the bulk of this material, they should 
strain every nerve in collecting it. Any coarse herbage, 
hedge-clippings, or, indeed, anything once growing, is avail¬ 
able ; and in burning it up, they should mind and not fire j 
it too much, or both bulk and properties will be lessened. I 
call my practice a stewing, rather than a charring process, 
for I cover the burning mass with so much weeds and soil, 
that when the heap is opened, instead of much wood-ashes, 
I have a great bulk of a dark material, much like old manure 
in appearance; and this I find of excellent benefit to crops 
of all kinds. This material, when the stewing is complete, 
should bo thrown into a compact, conical heap, and well 
beaten with the spade to keep out rain and snow; and in 
March it will be found of much service, both as to bulk and 
quality. R. Errington. 
APIARIAN’S CALENDAR.— November. 
By J. H. Payne, Esq., Author of “ The Bee-Keeper's 
Guide," Ac. 
The Moors. —This has been a most favourable season 
for honey-gathering in the Moors, and 1 trust that every 
Bee-keeper within a reasonable distance of them has taken 
advantage of it. Several accounts have reached me of ex¬ 
traordinary success, some of which, I trust, will appear in 
the pages of The Cottage Gardener, and be the means 
of inducing all Bee-keepers within twenty or thirty miles of 
them to send their bees another season; for besides the 
quantity of honey collected (which could not be collected 
in any other way), its quality is so remarkably fine, for the 
flavour imparted to it by the heather is most delicious, and 
totally unlike honey gathered from any other thing late in 
the season, which is always bad, both in colour and flavour. 
Wasps. —Sad havoc has been made amongst the stocks 
reserved for next year by these marauders, and it is ne¬ 
cessary for every person who is anxious for the preservation 
of his Bees to examine them closely, and to make up the 
deficiencies caused by these robbers, for their depredations 
are carried on so stealthily, that nothing short of weighing 
the hive will discover the extent of them. The sooner this 
is done the better, for this work of destruction is now fast 
drawing to a close. 
Covers. —All that is required further during the present 
month will be to see that the stocks are well secured 
against wet for the coming winter, and, of all other things, 
the milk-pan I,consider the best; and to see, also, that each 
stock has at least twenty pounds of honey in store. 
PROPAGATING VINES FOR POT-CULTURE. 
I observe in Tiie Cottage Gardener, October 10, a 
letter of Mr. Frazer’s, stating his method of growing Vines 
in pots, which Mr. Fish has so kindly published ; also Mr. 
Fish’s method. 
Mr. Frazer puts his eyes in large pots to break them ; Mr. 
Fish puts his in small pots at once. 
Now, I think of the two,' Mr. Fish’s plan is the best, 
because, in parting the Vines when they are taken up or thick, 
they must receive a greater check than when they are put at 
once in small pots; and, also, I think it less trouble, and 
when they require potting you have your pot full of roots, 
so that they receive scarcely any check. 
I have grown pot Vines for several years, and I always 
pot mine in 48-size. I pot at once from that size into the I 
fruiting-pot of eighteen inches. This year I could not make 
it convenient to pot the eyes before March, but I kept them j 
a head with good bottom-heat, and by the middle of Sep- | 
tember I had good, strong, well-ripened Vines (short joints, ! 
and good plump eyes). I then turned them out in a south 
aspect, covering the pots with long litter (as the roots were 
much through the holes of the pot), to screen the roots i 
from the rays of the sun ; also to throw off much rain. I 
always stop my Vines about a foot or eighteen inches beyond 
where I mean to fruit them. I consider six feet quite ! 
long enough for Vines in 18-inch pots, leaving two or three 
