May 22.] 
THE COTTAGE GABDENER. 
141 
plants; they will require no more this year. Syringe the walls and 
walks freely every day. Remove young stove plants with hard wood 
into frames to make room for summer blooming Aohimenes, &c. Stove 
bulbs done blooming place in cold pit to rest. Water, apply freely 
at the root of all growing stove-plants. T. Appleby. 
FLORISTS’ FLOWERS. 
Auriculas pot and place in summer quarters ; seedlings transplant, 
and, as soon as strong enough, put in small pot, singly. Carnations 
and Picotees place in their blooming quarters ; water regularly and 
layer as soon as the young shoots are long enough. Dahlias finish 
planting b.; stake and tie early, to secure the plants from wind; water 
the ground once a month with limewater to kill slugs. Prick out seed¬ 
ling carnations, and other florists’ flowers, as soon as large enough. 
Pot late struck cuttings. Hyacinths done flowering lift a little with 
a spade, leaving the bulbs in to ripen. Irises in flower shelter from 
sun, wind, and rain. Pinks tie to slender sticks. To prevent the pod- 
buds bursting unequally, put round them a strap of Indian rubber or 
bass mat before the flower opens ; put it on about the centre of the bud ; 
: finish piping. Pansies now in bloom protect from sun, wind, and rain ; 
layer long straggling shoots ; save seed, and sow immediately. Ranun¬ 
culus bed stir the surface and water freely; shelter the flower from 
unfavourable weather. Tulips, early kinds, take up when the leaves 
turn yellow, and lay in the sun to dry, dress and store when that takes 
place. Turn over compost, and procure fresh loam and peat. Weeds 
carefully eradicate as soon as they appear on every bed and pot in the 
garden. 
ORCHID HOUSE. 
Air, give, on hot sunny days ; the aperture to admit it should be over 
the pipes or flue. Blocks remove, cover with moss, and syringe every 
day. Cattleyas place in a cooler house to strengthen their growth. 
Creepers tie in and wash clean with syringe and sponge. Ferns in 
this house pot, divide, and sow ; take up seedlings amongst the orchids, 
and pot. Heat increase to 80° in sun by day, and 70° by night. 
Moisture in the air supply abundantly ; the sun and heat will evaporate 
it much. Phal.enopsis, dip plants on blocks in tepid water twice a 
day. Potting, continue, to all plants just starting to grow. Stanhopeas, 
in baskets, dip once a week. Suspended plants, not orchids, dip 
twice a week ; place more in baskets, to be coming on. Rest, give, by 
lessening the heat and moisture to all orchids that have finished their 
annual growth. T. Appleby. 
FLOWER GARDEN. 
Anemones, take up as leaves wither: dry and store. Annuals 
(Hardy and some Tender), plant out to remain, in showery weather best; 
some (hardy) may be sowed, b. Auriculas, continue shading; plant 
offsets; prick out seedlings. Baskets or clumps, form of greenhouse 
plants. Beds, attend diligently to recent planted; water and stir them 
in dry weather. Biennials and Perennials, sow, if omitted, b. Box 
edgings clip. Bulbous Roots (Tulips, Jonquils, &c.), not florists’ 
flowers, remove offsets from; dry and store; may transplant some, 
or keep until autumn; (autumn flowering), as Colchicums, &c., take 
up as leaves decay, separate offsets, and replant, or not until end of 
July. Carnations, in bloom, attend; aid the bud-pod to split with 
a pair of narrow sharp-pointed scissors; bandage buds, to prevent 
bursting, with Indian-rubber rings, or tape; water every second day; 
tie to supporters, &c.; prick out seedlings ; make layers ; pipe. Chry¬ 
santhemums, plant out to layer next month. Cyclamens, transplant. 
Dahlias, finish planting out, b. Dress the borders assiduously; 
neatness now stamps a gardener’s character. Fibrous-rooted Peren¬ 
nials, propagate by cuttings; shade and water. Flowering Plants 
generally require training and support. Grass, mow, roll, and trim 
edges. Gravel, weed, sweep, and roll. Hedges, clip, e. Leaves 
and stems decaying, remove as they appear. Liguid Manure, apply 
occasionally to all choice flowers. Mignonette, plant out; sow, b. 
Mimuluses, plant out. Pceonies (Chinese), water freely with liquid 
manure, or they w’ill not flower finely. Pink seedlings, prick out; 
make layers. Pipings (or cuttings) of Carnations and Pinks may be 
planted. Potted Flowers, dress, stir earth, and water regularly. 
Ranunculuses, take up as leaves wither, dry and store. Roses, bud, 
lay, and inarch; fumigate with tobacco to destroy the aphis or green fly; 
Roses out of doors, wash with tobacco or ammonia water. Salvia 
Patens, pinch down centre stem to make it bushy. Seedlings of 
Perennials and Biennials transplant. Seeds (ripe), gather in dry weather. 
Seed Vessels, remove, to prolong flowering. Water, give freely and 
frequently to all newly moved plants, and to others in dry weather; early 
in the morning or late in the evening is the best time. Brompton Stocks 
and Moss’s Intermediate should be sown on a north border. Sow another 
succession of the low annuals to flower late, b. Peg down Salvias, and, 
fora time, until the layers are rooted, cut off the flowers. Verbenas, 
peg down to cover the beds sooner. Tulips, continue to shade to pro¬ 
long the bloom, b.; towards e. expose them to full sun to ripen the 
bulbs; take off seed vessels for the same purpose. Slips of Double 
Wallflowers, Sweet Williams, and Rockets, put in, either under hand¬ 
glasses or under a north wall or low hedge. D. Beaton. 
ORCHARD. 
Aphides, destroy on all trained trees. Apricots, thin for tarts. 
Apfles, search for caterpillars. Currants, stop watery wood. Cur¬ 
rants (black), water if dry. Cherries, free from aphides. Disbud 
all trained trees. Figs, thin the young wood, and stop. Gooseberries, 
free from caterpillars. Insects in general, try to extirpate. Mulching, 
practice where necessary. Nectarines. See Peaches. Nuts, dress 
away suckers. Peaches, thin both wood and fruit, and stop gross shoots. 
Plums, cleanse from aphides, and disbud. Pears, disbud and stop. 
Raspberries, thin suckers. Strawberries, water if dry, clear runners, 
and put something to keep fruit clean ; beware of mice. Strawberry 
(Alpine), clear runners from, and water. Stopping, practice constantly, 
where necessary. Thinning practice, both with fruit and wood. Train¬ 
ing, commence, and continue. Vermin, destroy. Vines, thin shoots, 
and stop. Watering attended to. Wasps, destroy. 
11. Errington. 
FORCING STOVE. 
Atmospheric Moisture, secure liberally. Cucumbers, keep thinned 
and stopped; give plenty of atmospheric moisture to. Cherries, water 
liberally, and cleanse from aphides; ventilate very freely. Capsicums, 
shift finally, and place in a warm situation. Fire-heat, dispense with 
as much as possible. Grapes, thin, and tie shoulders of the late ones. 
Grapes ripening, remove a few laterals. Liguid Manure, apply where 
size and strength are required. Melons, attend to setting, water freely 
when swelling; thin the vines frequently, and attend to linings; use 
dressings and fumigations to avert the attacks of insects. Nectarines, 
treat as Peaches. Peaches, disbud, and stop gross shoots ; apply liquid 
manure, and thin fruit. Peaches ripening, remove those leaves which 
shade the fruit. Pines, shade if the sun is intense; shift liberally the 
succession ; water all when necessary, and keep a jealous eye on bottom- 
i heats. Strawberries, turn out healthy plants from forcing-house ; 
they will fruit in September. Shading, practice with delicate things, 
during intense sunshine. Vines, attend to disbudding and stopping. 
Ventilate freely. Watering, neglect not. R. Errington. 
KITCHEN-GARDEN. 
Alexanders, earth-stir and earth-up. Angelica, earth-stir, or earth- 
up, as the case may require, and promote strong growth with liquid- 
I manure water. Asparagus seedlings, keep clear of weeds, and earth- 
stir to promote growth ; beds in cutting sprinkle with salt once a-week 
during the cutting season, and earth-stir often with some pointed im¬ 
plements ; discontinue cutting about the 20th. Basil, plant out in rich 
warm borders in full crop, and water well previously to planting, should 
I the weather be dry. Broad-beans, plant out for late crops in cool 
j situations, in a rich soil, and water well at the time of planting in dry 
j weather. Beets, thin out, and fill up any vacant spaces; do this of a 
! dull evening, with care, and water well at the time. Borage, thin ten 
inches apart, and save seed from autumn-sown. Borecoles, prick out 
of all kinds four to six inches apart everyway. Brussels Sprouts 
the same. Brocolis the same, and plant out finally of early kinds, such 
as the Cape and Walcheren. Cabbages, prick or plant out finally. 
Carrots, thin out main crops six to nine inches apart, and use the hoe 
freely among them. Cardoons, thin out and attend to. Cauliflowers, 
prick out, or plant out, in succession ; basin up the early crop, and water 
well, and with manured water at least once a-week, and look over and 
invert a few leaves down over the heads of those that are turning in, to 
preserve them of a white colour. Celery, prick out, and plant out 
finally, and water well at the same time. Cucumbers, plant out under 
hand-glasses on a little bottom-heat; keep the glasses close until the 
plants are established, after which inure them to the open air by tilting, 
&c. Those in a forwarder state let the earth round the hills or ridges be 
well forked up for the roots to run out ; stop and train out their stems ; 
those in pits and frames should be weekly attended to, as to stopping and 
thinning, and all decayed leaves removed, and a top-dressing given if 
required. Capsicums, plant out in warm borders. Endive, make a 
little sowing of both kinds, Batavian and Green Curled, for early use. 
Garlic, Shallots, and Underground Onions will be fit to take up 
towards the end of the month, and should be dried off well before being 
stored away for use. Herbs of all kinds should be cut when in flower 
for drying or distilling. Jerusalem Artichokes, keep clear of weeds. 
Kidney-beans, dwarfs and runners, sow for late and last crops, and 
should the ground be very dry at the time of sowing, give a thorough 
soaking of water, which will cause them to vegetate quickly ; attend to 
sticking and earth-stirring among advancing crops. Leeks, thin out and 
transplant. Lettuces, sow often, and thin out early ; they should be 
sown where they are to remain, to mature their growth; place strong 
sticks to those intended for seed to tie them to, and tie in a few weekly 
for use according to the consumption. Melons, lose no time in planting 
out for late and last crops ; look daily to those setting their fruit; attend 
to this setting and stopping about eleven o’clock in the forenoon, and to 
top-dressing or earthing-up, &c., about three in the afternoon of a fine 
calm day, after which sprinkle with water, and shut up early ; give an 
abundance of air to those ripening off their fruit, and be sparing of water 
among them. Mint, keep clear of weeds. Sweet or Knotted Mar- 
jorum, plant out in rich warm borders. Onions, pay particular atten¬ 
tion to early thinning out, and surface earth-stirring, or fill up any vacant 
spaces by transplanting. Parsley, sow or thin out, and transplant. 
Hamburgh Parsley, thin out. Parsnips, finally thin out eight to 
ten inches apart, and use the hoe freely among them. Peas, any of the 
tall Knights Marrow kinds may be sown the first of this month, the earth 
being thoroughly soaked with water, should the weather be dry; but to¬ 
wards the end sow any of the dwarfer early kinds, such as Early War¬ 
wick, See.; attend to hoeing and sticking advancing crops. Potatoes, 
attend to earth-stirring or earthing-up without injury to the young fibre. 
Radishes, sow often in cool situations, in rich soil. Savoys, prick and 
plant out finally. Spinach, sow in succession, and thin out. Sea-kale, 
attend to surface-stirring and thinning-out old crowns, if not already 
done ; seedlings thin out; cut away any flower-stems unless seed is re¬ 
quired. Scorzonera, Salsafy, and Skirrets^, thin out from four to 
six inches apart; use the hoe freely to encourage growth. Turnips, 
sow and thin out young crops. Vegetable Marrows, lose no time in 
planting out. Thyme, plant out seedlings, b. Use the hoe freely in dry 
weather ; attend to all kinds of pricking or planting-out in rainy weather, 
or during evenings, as very much may be done in this way at that time of 
the day during very dry and hot weather; for pricking-out, let the beds 
or borders be dug up, made neat, and lined out, and thoroughly well 
watered an hour or two before hand, and again after planting. 
T. Weaver. 
London: Printed by Harry Wooldridge, Winchester High-street, 
in the Parish of Saint Mary Kalendar; and Published by William 
Somerville Orr, at the Office, No. 2, Amen Corner, in the Parish of 
Christ Church, City of London.—May 29 th, 1851. 
