412 
ward plants; priclc off seedlings. Chrysanthemums for winter bloom¬ 
ing, provide with shelter from cold rains and early frosts, and water with 
manure-water, alternately with clean. Climbers on rafters now prune 
in, to give light to the plants beneath. Clerodendrons, Gesner/e, 
Lantanas, Aciiimenes, &c., keep in the warmest end of the house pre¬ 
paratory to resting them for the winter, or returning to the plant stove. 
Azaleas, Camellias, Fuchsias, &c., at the coolest. Cytisus and 
Genista, scourge well with soap-suds, and then with clean water, to 
I remove all traces of Red spider, and then place where they can be 
| sheltered, before being housed at the end of the month. Geraniums, 
keep clear from fly; and slowly growing; forward ones may be repotted, 
and fresh struck ones potted off. Gladiolus, pot. Heaths and 
Efacrises, get under shelter, and give them abundance of air, when 
temperature above 40°. Early Fuchsias may be put into sheds before 
their stems have been injured by frost. Salvia splendens, encou¬ 
rage with manure waterings, and syringing with soot water, to banish 
the Red spider before housing it in the conservatory. Plants to be raised 
from the flower-beds should previously have their roots cut round, and 
then after potting should have a little bottom-heat, to encourage fresh 
roots, while the top temperature is kept cool. They will not require to 
be often watered for a time, but syringing the tops in sunny days will be 
serviceable. All plants should be thoroughly cleaned, and houses 
and glass washed and put in good order. Water should also now be 
given with a careful hand, and only when necessary. A plant may not 
require it above once or twice a week now, that would have wanted re¬ 
freshing twice, in the dog-days, during a forenoon’s sunshine. Those 
swelling their flower-buds, will require, however, a good supply. Bear 
in mind that bad watering is the great cause why pot plants so often 
{ languish and die. R. Fish. 
ORCHARD. 
Apples, house in succession. Berberries, gather, m. Borders, 
prepare, b ; composts, collect. Currants, prune, e. Damsons, gather. 
Fruit-trees, remove, e. Fruit-room, carefully ventilate. Figs, 
pluck off late fruit, e. Gooseberries, prune, e. Grapes, bag, or 
otherwise protect. Mulberries, gather. Medlars, gather. Pears, 
gather in succession, all at the end. Planting, prepare for, and proceed 
with at c. Pruning, commence as soon as the leaves are cast. Rasp¬ 
berries, protect late-bearing. Retarding: look well to currants and 
other retarded fruits ; keep away mouldiness. Root-prune, b. Straw¬ 
berries, dress away runners, but not leaves, b. Tomatoes, gather, 
and ripen on heat, b. Vines, attend well to, b. Wood ripening: do 
all you can to secure this, b. R. Errington. 
FRUIT-FORCING. 
Air, Moisture, gradually decrease. Bottom-heat must decline 
with the light until they reach about 75° in December. Cucumbers, 
thin out carefully; stop regularly ; and give liquid manure. Cherries, 
in tubs or boxes, plunge in a cold and shaded situation. Figs, see that 
the wood is well-ripened ; those in pots plunge and secure from frost. 
Fires, be moderate with ; rather inclose sun-heat. Flues, clean and 
repair. Grapes, late, fire and ventilate freely; watch for decaying 
| berries. Glass, wash all that is in any way dirty. Melons, sustain a 
bottom-heat of near 80°; keep down red spider, and ventilate freely in 
the morning. Nectarines and Peaches : apply liquid manure to late 
houses after heavy crops ; keep away red spider ; stop all growing shoots, 
and secure the ripening of the wood. Pines, sustain heat, in order to 
ventilate most freely those to winter in pits. Apply liquid manure to 
swelling fruits, and sustain a bottom-heat of 80° ; atmospheric from 65° 
to 85°. Prune vines, peaches, &c., for very early forcing. Rest, apply 
systematically the principles to all things for early work. Watering, 
decrease at the root in proportion to the decline of the season. 
R. Errington. 
ORCHID HOUSE. 
Air : in fine warm weather, a small opening to allow fresh air to enter 
the house will be useful, both for the keeping down the temperature of 
the house, and changing the air. Bletias should be put to rest by 
withholding water, and placing them in a pit or cooler house. Cycno- 
ches : this genus of plants should now be kept dry a few days in the 
warm house, and when perfectly so, remove them into a cooler one. 
Fire may be applied to heat the hot water every night, more or less, 
according to the state of the temperature out-of-doors ; raise the thermo¬ 
meter by day to 70°, by night let it fall to 60 °. Insects, look diligently 
after; every one destroyed now, will prevent a host from coming into 
life in the spring. Lycastes, Mormodes, and other similar plants, 
should go to rest, place them on a shelf where they may be protected 
from ever receiving any water. Plants that require to be placed in a 
place to rest may be luiown, first, by the full, plump, mature pseudo¬ 
bulbs, and, secondly, by the leaves turning yellow and dropping off. 
When in such a state, it is absolutely necessary to reduce the water and 
heat, to prevent them frbm growing again prematurely. Plants that 
are growing should have their due share of water, and be kept mode¬ 
rately warm ; some may require potting, and all will be the better for a 
top-dressing with fresh compost. Stanhopea will now be at rest; give 
no water till the spring. This month is a suitable season for providing 
materials for growing Orchids, such as fibrous peat, turfy loam, sphag¬ 
num or bog moss, branches of trees, and broken crocks; all these, duly 
prepared, and kept dry and warm, will be ready for use whenever they are 
wanted during the wet season. T. Appleby. 
PLANT STOVE. 
Air, give every favourable day. Achimenes, place in a cooler house, 
to cause them to give over growing and go to rest; give no water, and 
put them in a spot where no water or dry heat will reach them ; this rule 
does not apply to A. pictu, which should now be in flower, and in its 
greatest beauty. Amaryllis aulica will now be showing flowers ; 
remove it, as soon as the flower-buds are visible, from the tan pit into the 
stove; all other species of stove amaryllis should now be at rest. Cono- 
[September 25. , 
clinium ianthemum, or, as it is now called, Hebeclinium ianthemvm, ' 
a winter-flowering, elegant stove plant, repot, and grow on to flower in 
February or March. Eranthemum pulciiellum, and E. strictum, 
treat similarly. Gesneras should all be at rest, excepting G. sebrina, 
which will now be one of the chicfest ornaments of the stove. Justicia, i 
several species will now be in flower; water them freely, occasionally i 
using liquid manure. Uuculia gratissima, though not essentially a j 
stove plant, will flower much finer early in the season if brought into the | 
stove this month. Medinillas, young plants repot; older plants, keep ! 
partly dry, and cool. Passion Flowers, trim in freely. Poinsettias, 
water freely, to produce fine head of bloom in winter. Rogiera am(kna, 
and cordiflora, repot; place in heat, to bloom about Christmas; a 
new genus of dwarf, free, winter-flowering, stove shrubs. Remove stove 
plants kept in frames through the summer into the stove ; water freely, 
to compensate for the loss of the moist atmosphere of the pit. Water, 
apply very moderately to the general stock. Remove all decaying leaves, 
and top-dress generally. T. Appleby. 
FLORISTS’ FLOWERS. 
Anemones, plant early in the month. Auriculas and Poly¬ 
anthuses, place in their winter quarters, m. ; give no more water than 
just sufficient to keep them from flagging. Calceolarias, place close 
to the glass; prick off seedlings. Chrysanthemums, give abundance 
of water to and plenty of air; kill insects on by frequent smoking. Car¬ 
nations and Picotees, finish potting off into 48-pots, and place under 
shelter. Cinerarias, keep in frames well protected from frost till next 
month, excepting early flowerers, which should, as soon as bloom is 
perceived, be removed into the greenhouse ; seedlings pot off. Dahlias, 
protect from frost; if already caught by it, cut down, and lift the roots 
half-way out of the ground, to prevent excessive bleeding; protect plants 
cut down from frost, by covering with a layer of coal-ashes. Gladioli, 
plant b. in light rich soil. Hyacinths, choice, plant b. in a deep rich 
sandy soil, in a sheltered nook. Common sorts plant anywhere in beds 
and borders. Irises, English aud Spanish, plant b. in rich soil. Pinks, 
plant out finally where they arc to bloom. Ranunculuses, examine 
and remove all decaying, or mouldy, tubers ; prepare beds for; Turban 
varieties, plant b. Tulip beds, level, and make ready to receive the 
bulbs early next month. Weeds, pluck up in every department of the 
florists’ garden. T. Appleby. 
KITCHEN-GARDEN. 
This is the season to look out for plenty of plants of all kinds that are 
likely to be required for the ensuing spring; and if you run short of any 
particular kinds, be active in looking round among your neighbours and 
friends to see what you can exchange with them, as one may have an 
abundance of Lettuces, another an abundance of Cauliflowers, and so 
on. This is the way we should help one another. The next thing is to 
arrange good and proper situations for winter protection. Frames that 
are done with from the Cucumber or Melon crops, may be removed from 
the old hotbeds, and set down on the ground, level or upon sloping banks; 
and if the frame be a deep one, the bottom may be filled with any kind 
of material to within nine inches of the top of the frame, then upon that 
six inches of good earth; this brings the crop up within two or three 
inches of glass. The same may be done with merely four boards nailed 
together, and so placed upon a sloping bank, filling up in the same 
way, so as to keep the pricked-out crops up close to the glass. These 
are contrivances for pricking-out Cauliflowers, or Lettuces, Cabbage- 
plants of any kind, and make excellent make-shift shelters. 
Angelica, keep clear of weeds. Asparagus beds, dress and plant 
for forcing. Balm, plant. Beet, take up for storing. Borecoles, 
towards the end of the month, may be lifted into quarters of less value, 
should the ground be likely to be wanted for other purposes for early spring 
crops. Brocolis, keep clear of weeds, and attend to those heading in, to 
protect from frost, &c. Burnet, plant. Cabbages, plant out, prick out, 
and earth-stir among. Cardoons, earth up. Carrots, take up main crops 
for winter store, and attend to young growing crops, as thinning, keeping 
clear of weeds and fallen leaves, &c. Cauliflowers, plant out under 
hand-glasses about the middle of the month; also in frames for winter 
protection. Celery, plant and earth up. Chives, plant. Coleworts, 
lant. Cress (Water), plant. Cucumbers, plant out; keep up heat of 
eds, by linings, &c.; water sparingly. Dill, plant. Dung, prepare for 
hotbeds. Eartiiing-up and earth-stirring, attend to. Endive, attend to 
planting and blanching. Fennel, plant. Herbary, dress. Horse¬ 
radish, plant. Hyssop, plant. Jerusalem Artichokes, keep clear 
of weeds, and take up as wanted. Leaves fallen, remove frequently. 
Leeks, earth-stir among. Lettuces, plant and prick out under walls 
or in frames, tkc. Melons (late) keep up heat, by linings, or otherwise; 
no water must be given. Musiiroom-beds make, and attend to those in 
bearing, & c. Nasturtiums, gather for seed, if not done before. Onions, 
attend to those in store, and earth-stir or thin out the autumn-sown. 
Parsley, attend to potting, for use in winter. Parsnips, take up 
towards the end of the month for winter storing; leave in the ground 
for seed. Peas, sow towards the end of the month. Pennyroyal, 
plant. Potatoes, attend to. Radishes, sow. Rhubarb, plant in 
pots for early forcing, end of the month. Salsafy, take up for winter 
storing. Savoys, plant out. Scorzonera, take up for winter storing. 
Seeds, gather of any kinds as they ripen. Small Salading sow as 
wanted. Spinach, keep clear of weeds; thin out, and attend to in dry 
weather. Tansy, Tarragon, and Thyme, plant, if required. Tomatos, 
gather ; if not quite ripe place them in some warm, dry situation, where 
they will soon ripen off. Turnips, clear of weeds, and thin out young 
crops. Vacant Grounds rough up, or ridge, or trench. Those who 
prick out plants in frames, should be regular and mindful to take off the 
glass lights entirely in all favourable weather, and to tilt back and front 
in open, wet weather. T. Weaver. 
London: Printed by Harry Wooldridge, Winchester High-street, 
in the Parish of Saint Mary Kalendar; and Published by William 
Somerville Orr, at the Office, No. 2, Amen Corner, in the Parish of 
Christ Church, City of London.—September 25tb, 1851. 
THE COTTAGE G A KEENER. 
