62 ’ 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER. 
April 28 . 
Summer Treatment. —After the bloom is over they should 
be placed in their summer quarters. I have found the 
north side of a low wall the best situation for them ; and in 
order to prevent the attacks of the red spider, the grand 
enemy to these plants, I always placed the pots in saucers 
or garden-pans. When they were watered, that portion that 
ran through the pots remained in the pans, and by keeping 
the air round them moist, it prevented the red spider from 
attacking them. In this situation they remain till August. 
In the early part of that month they should be repotted, 
and that is a fit and proper time to take off the offsets; 
strong plants should be potted into pots from six to seven 
inches diameter. These should be moderately drained. If 1 
the plants are already in the full-sized pot, the balls should 
be reduced, and the roots partially pruned, so as to allow i 
a large allowance of fresh soil. After the potting is finished, 
give a gentle watering to settle the soil, and keep them a 
fortnight longer under the friendly shade of the wall. 
Autumn Treatment. —This may be said to commence the 
last week in August. The plants should then be removed 
into a more open place. The west border will answer 
admirably; and as the weather is then often more moist, 
the pans should bo dispensed with, jmd the pots set upon 
a bed of coal-ashes, thick enough to prevent worms from 
working through into the pots. Here they may remain till 
the winter treatment commences in October, which must 
be in my next weekly paper on this subject. 
T. Appleby. 
(To be continued.) 
CONIFE1LE. 
(Continued from page 10.) 
Podocarpus.— A genus formed by the late Professor 
Endlicher, from the Yews, to which it is nearly allied. 
Without seeing the fructification, no one not a botanist 
would suspect them to belong to Coniferee, their leaves 
being so very unlike the rest of the tribe, excepting, perhaps, 
the genus Dacrydium, under which genus several of the 
species were originally placed. The species are chiefly 
from New Zealand, where they are very useful to the 
natives, and valued accordingly. 
Podocarpus Chiliana (Chilian Podocarp).—A native of 
the lower hill-sides of Chili, which accounts for its being : 
too tender to hear the open air in this country. In the 
largo conservatory in the Royal Botanic Gardens, Regent’s 
Park, there is a specimen of this fine tree nearly ten feet 
high. 
Podocarpus dacrydiodes (Dacrydium-like roclocarp).— 
In New Zealand this tree attains to the great height of 120 
feet, with a trunk from twelve to eighteen feet in diameter. 
The wood being soft, and consequently easily worked, the 
natives use it for constructing canoes, for which, on account 
of the great length of its trunk, and the lightness of the 
wood, it is well adapted. It grows in the swamps of that 
country, but is too tender to grow out-of-doors in England. 
It is, however, worthy of a place in a lofty conservatory; 
its fine, singular foliage renders it curious and striking. 
Podocarpus macrophylla (Large-leaved Podocarp).— 
This was introduced from Japan about fifty years ago, but 
is not yet very common, because it is not generally hardy. 
It bears a considerable resemblance to the genus Taxus; 
hence it is well known under the name the Japan Yew, 
with long leaves. In a book of travels I read lately, this 
tree was described as one that produces excellent timber, 
which no insect will touch. In the extreme south of England 
it has braved the winter blasts with impunity for several 
yeai's, but in the north it must have the protection of the 
conservatory, which it will ornament greatly, and does not 
attain too great a height, seldom exceeding forty feet high. 
It should be planted in strong loam, ■well drained. 
PoDocAurus spicata (Spike-flowering Podocarp).—This 
is the Dacrydium taxifolium, or Yew-leaved Dacrydium, of 
Sir Joseph Banks. It is a native of New Zealand, and is 
the tallest grower of the genus, attaining the astonishing 
altitude of 200 feet. The leaf greatly resembles the Yew, 
only it is rather longer and broader. Captain Cook dis¬ 
covered it on his first voyage round the world, and dis¬ 
covered, also, that it possessed considerable antiscorbutic 
powers. He tapped some trees, and made from the juice a 
kind of spruce-beer, which he gave to his sailors afflicted 
with that dreadful disease, the scurvy, with the happiest 
results. Unfortunately, this useful tree will not exist in 
this country without the protection of the conservatory. 
Podocarpus Totano (Totano Podocarp).—Dr. Bindley, 
in describing this excellent timber-tree, says it is so much 
valued, that the possession of these trees “ has been the 
cause of wars among the savage natives." This helps to 
prove its excellence as a timber-tree. IVhat a pity it is that 
it is not hardy in every part of Britain. In Cornwall it 
bears the full exposure; and also in tho milder climate of 
Ireland it has stood out without protection. In colder 
climates it must have protection under glass. 
Salisburia adiantifolia (Maiden Hair - leaved Salis- 
buria) was so named by Linnsnus, in honour of B. A. Salis 
bury, Esq., author of the “ Flora Londinensis,” and in his 
day a celebrated botanist. This well-known tree is a native 
of Japan; the native name there is the Ginkgo-tree. It 
was introduced so long since as 1754, and has proved per¬ 
fectly hardy. It is somewhat singular that this tree is 
diceceous, that is, bearing male flowers on one tree, and 
I female flowers on another. The male tree flowered for the 
i first time in Europe in 1795 ; and Decandolle detected a 
i female tree in flower at a place near Geneva ! The foliage 
of this very ornamental tree is peculiarly beautiful, being 
like the leaves of the Maiden Hair Fern (Adiantium capillus 
veneris), only six times larger. Whoever attempts to grow 
this tree, should, first of all, see that the soil is well drained 
three or four feet deep, and plant it in a deep sandy loam. 
It is deciduous, that is, sheds its leaves in autumn. In its 
native country, Japan, and tho north of China, it rises to 
the height of 90 feet. The wood is of a beautiful yellow 
colour ; but rather soft, and, consequently, not particularly 
Valuable. 
Torreya. —This genus has been named by Sieboldt and 
Zucearina, authors of the “Flora Japonioa,” in honour of 
Dr. Torrey, a writer in the American Flora. Allied to Podo¬ 
carpus and Taxus. 
Torreya Humboldtii (Baron Humboldt’s). — A fine 
species, lately introduced from Georgia. It is so scarce, 
that its hardihood has not as yet been proved. It is said to 
be a very fine tree. 
Torreya nucifera (Nut - bearing) ; better known as 
Taxus nucifera. —It is a very handsome tree from Japan, 
where it is cultivated for its nuts, from which the natives 
extract oil for culinary purposes. It is hardy near London. 
Torreya taxifolia (Yew-leaved).— Native of Florida, 
where the wood is much valued, because, though it is rather 
small, it is much used on account of being too strong- 
scented for insects. T. Appleby. 
(To be continued.) 
RESERVE GEOEND FOR AFTER CROPS—NORTH 
BORDERS. 
In arranging the various crops for the season, due regard 
must, at all times, be had for those which will want putting 
in before any recently cropped ground can bo again vacant, 
! consequently, it is usually some time ere the whole be fairly 
under crop, as it would be imprudent to plant or sow every 
1 inch of ground at one time, when such things as Peas, and 
: other successional crops, demand attention hereafter. To 
i be fully understood in this respect, we will suppose a garden 
of the ordinary kind, surrounded by walls ten or twelve feet 
1 high, against which fruit trees of various kinds are planted 
and trained, as directed by our worthy coadjutor, and all in 
their proper places, as regards aspects, Ac. Now, though 1 
admit the full force of all that has been said of allowing a 
fruit tree border the sole duty of supporting the trees which 
are planted on it, yet, somehow, the demand for early and 
late crops of the more valuable kinds of vegetables is such 
as generally compels one to break through the resolution . 
formed of not planting anything on such borders. The 
reason for that is, that we all know the impossibility of 
getting early crops from any other source than from south 
lying borders, such as usually exist on the sunny side of a 
peach wall, and whatever damage such crops do to the 1 
legitimate occupants of such borders, their utility, in a j 
