00 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER. 
May 12. 
I saw how far they had proceeded in the Pall Mall, and in 
making a river through the Park, which I had never seen 
i before since it was begun.’—‘Oct. 11th. To walk in St. 
' James’s Park, where we observed the several engines at 
| work to draw up water, with which sight I was very much 
I pleased.’—‘ 1661, April 2nd. To St. James’s Park, where I 
saw the Duke of York playing at Pall Mall, the first time 
that ever I saw the sport.’—‘ August 4th. "Walked into St. 
James’s Park ("where I had not been a great while), and 
there found great and very noble alterations.’ 
“In the time of the Commonwealth, when the ground to 
the north of St. James’s Park consisted of open fields, the 
game of Pall Mall, to which we find Pepys alluding, was 
played, as appears by a plan of St. James’s Palace printed 
in 1660, on the site of the present Pall Mall. "We have 
already mentioned, that the paling of the Park originally 
ran where the line of the houses on the south side now 
stand, and it was against this paling that the game was 
anciently played. When Charles the Second, after the Res¬ 
toration, removed the boundary of the Park to its present 
site, namely, the garden-walls of St. James’s and Marl¬ 
borough House, the game was played between the avenue 
of trees nearest to St. James’s Palace, adjoining the present 
carriage-road. This fact we find established by a very 
curious print in the supplementary volume to Lord Lans- 
downe’s works jjrinted by Walthoe, in 1702, and also in a 
passage of the well-known letters from Sheftiekl Duke of 
Buckingham to the Earl of Shrewsbury, in which he vaunts 
the splendours and advantages of his newly erected mansion 
(on the site of the present Buckingham Palace), and 
describes the rows of trees planted by Charles the Second 
as forming an admirable approach to his new abode. ‘ The 
avenues to his house,’ he writes, ‘ are along St. James’s 
Park, through rows of goodly elms on one hand, and gay 
flourishing limes on the other; that for coaches, this for 
walking, with the Mall lying betwixt them.’ 
“ Spring Gardens, at the east end of the Mall in St. 
James’s Park, derives its name from certain gardens, or 
pleasure-grounds, which were laid out here about the reign 
of James the First, and in which there were several springs 
of excellent water. It is remarkable that every house in 
what is called ‘ Spring Garden Terrace,’ has still a well 
attached to it. In the reign of Charles the First, we find a 
servant of the crown licensed to keep an ordinary and 
bowling green in the Spring Gardens. 
“ From Spring Gardens let us pass down the Mall to 
Buckingham Palace. Not far from the present Bucking¬ 
ham Gate stood Tart Hall, and the Mulberry Garden ; the 
latter being planted in 1609, by order of James the First, 
with the view of producing silk in England. With this 
object he caused several ship-loads of mulberry-trees to be 
imported from France; and, in 1629, we find a" grant made 
to Walter, Lord Aston, appointing him to ‘ the custody of 
the garden, mulberry-trees, and silk-worms, near St. James’s, 
in the county of Middlesex.’ The speculation proving a 
failure, the Mulberry Garden, within a few years, was con¬ 
verted into a place of fashionable amusement. Dr. Kiim 
writes, about the time of the Protectorate,— 
‘ The fate of things lies always in the dark : 
What cavalier would know St. James’s Park ? 
For Locket’s stands where gardens once did spring, 
And wild ducks quack where grasshoppers did sing ; 
A princely palace on that space does rise, 
Where Sudley’s noble muse found mulberries.’ ” 
The mere planting of the mulberry-trees cost L‘935, ! 
but this was not the only effort made by Bing James to 
improve this part of his domains, for we find, by the 
following copy of a warrant, that bis Majesty bad j 
greenhouses erected there, for such, we take it, must 
have been the “ certain bouses and defences for orange- 
trees and other foreign fruits.” This warrant which 
must have issued between the beginning of 1605 and 
the close of 1607, is in these words.—( Gentlemans 
Magazine) 
“James, by the grace of God, king of England, Scotland, 
Fraunce, and Irland, defendour of the faith, &c. To our 
trusty and welbeloved Sir Thomas Knyvet knight, warden of 
our mynt, greeting: Where we have appointed you to make 
within our parke belonging to our pallace of Westminster, 
comonly called Saint James parke, certeyne ffountaynes, 
walkes, waterworkes, and other thinges for our pleasure, 
and eertaine howses, and defenses for orenge trees and 
other forreine fruites for the beawtifying of our said parke, ! 
and likewise certeine howses for the keepinge and feedinge i 
of our reyne deere, and of our game of ducks. And whereas 
by the dreccion of the Earle of Suffolke, our chamberleyne, 
you have made certeine necessarie lodginges for some 
j gentlewomen attending upon the Ladie Marie, our daughter. 
I heise are to will and aucthorise you out of such our moneyes 
as are or shalbe from time to time in your handes, risinge 
by the profitt of our minte, to pay or"cause to be paid all 
such somes of money as shalbe requisite for the makinge, 
fimshinge, and amendinge, of the saied fibwntaynes, walkes, ! 
waterworks, and other thinges, and for the said buildings 
and keepinge of our games, according to such billes of 
chaige ot the same as shalbe subscribed by the officers of 
our workes for the time being or any three of them, whereof 
the surveyor or comptroller of our said workes to be allwayes 
one. And we are further pleased to graunt unto you an I 
allowaunce of six pense by the day for the attendance of one i 
man to keepe our said orenge trees and other forraine 1 
fruites, and also an allowaunce of foure pence by the day 
for one other man to keep and feede our said raine deere, 
duckes, aud other fowles in our said parke, to be also paid 
out of our moneys arising by the profitts of our said mynt. ! 
And ilieis our. letters shalbe your sufficient warrant and ! 
discharge in this behalf. Gcven, Ac. under our privie seale, 
at our" (not completed). 
I he knowledge is not very palatable to human vanity, 
that some of the happiest results in works of art have 
been the consequences of mere accident. The foam on 
the hound s lips, produced in the picturo by the sponge 
thrown at them in anger, is only one instance out of 
many; and in gardening, the happy hints arising from 
accident or what may be termed the lessons quietly 
given us by nature—are of every-day occurrence. Thus 
we remember the very prettiest of low evergreen fences 
fonnecl by the Larger Periwinkle ( Vinca major) growing 
up and insinuating itself among the meshes of some 
iron netting. Then, again, how formal and unsatis¬ 
factory have we seen the attempts to sow in patches 
and tiain climbing plants among Boses; and we think 
our correspondent, E. 1. H., must have experienced 
this, but we will be pledged to the success of this her 
“ accidental ’ and more natural mode of treatment.—“ I 
have for some years sown a thin broadcast of Tropceolum 
canariense, and of Convolvulus major, at the beginning 
of June, over a large bed of standard Roses, mixed with 
old shrubby plants. By August this bed lias been 
beautifully wreathed with those climbers, and I do not 
think the Roses have suffered from sustaining them.” 
At the sale of Fowls, by Mr. Stevens, on the 3rd inst., ; 
all the varieties, if the specimens were good, realised 
prices quite as high as ever. Lots 24 and 26, White j 
Shanghae cock and pullet, fetched T6 each ; a Buff \ 
Shanghae pullet, from a Sturgeon cock and Holt hen, j 
TIG 10s. The Shangbaes from Marseilles were not so | 
good as previously, and the highest prices given for 
them were £2 17s. 6d. The Silver-spangleil Polands, 
moderately good, sold from £2 2s. to £2 15s.; and the 
