402 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER. 
August 25. 
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w l iee l—so that the plant can be moved round with the 
greatest ease, and no doubt many a whirl it gets, to 
keep it from getting the least one-sided. 
In front of the houses, several I ucca gloriosa'■ were in 
bloom;‘and on the borders I noticed two very dwarf, 
pretty, new annuals —Sedum azureum and Nyctarina 
uliginoides. 
Having rarely spent a hour in a small compact garden 
with so much pleasure, 1 have tried, from recollection, to 
place the elements of that pleasure within reach of many 
who wish to make their small gardens interesting; and, 
if I have made any mistake, l trust to Mr. Manning’s 
kindness to correct or explain. R. Fish. 
JOTTINGS BY TI1E WAY. 
( Contiiiutul from page ”81. ) 
Chatsworth (The Duke of Devonshire). This j 
princely residence, sometimes denominated “ the Enlace j 
of the Peak," is famous for its gardening. ^ The genius j 
of Sir Joseph Paxton has made it so. When he lirst j 
obtained the appointment it was a very mediocre ail air. j 
I have been assured there was nothing there then but j 
the commonest of plants. The Rhododendron was then , 
scarcely found there, but I am sure 1 speak within 
bounds, when 1 state that Sir Joseph has planted there 
80,000 of this ornamental shrub. Jn various other 
points the place has been brought to the high state ot 
culture in which we now see it. 
I have been in the habit of visiting it almost annually 
for the last twenty years, and have watched the progress j 
of the gardens with the greatest interest. L well remem- J 
her calling one day and meeting with Sir Joseph Paxton j 
at home. He showed me a model of the large conser¬ 
vatory that he had made, and very kindly pointed out j 
his intentions and the objects in view. 1 recollect, that 
he told me why the Duke had wished to have a large house 
built. In a hothouse, not far from the mansion, there | 
was growing a Ficus elastica ; it had reached the root, 
and was forcing its way through. The Duke said he 
should like to have a house built for it large enough to 
show it to advantage. Sometime previous to this, a 
ridge-and-furrow greenhouse of some extent had been 
put up near Sir Joseph’s house in the lower gardens. 
The ridge-and-furrow system allows of any extent ot 
ground to be covered with glass, and, therefore, that 
system was adopted in forming the root of the large 
conservatory at Chatsworth, which again led to the 
erection of the Crystal Palace in Hyde Park, and event¬ 
ually to that now in progress at Sydehnam. From j 
such apparently trifling causes arise eilects, the magni- j 
tude of which the imagination could not possibly con¬ 
ceive or anticipate. 
With these brief reminiscences of my first visits to 
Chatsworth, I shall now turn to my notes made on my 
last visit. There has been a new house built for Sir 
Joseph to live in; and in lorming a lawn and flowei- 
garden in front of it, it was necessary to remove the old 
carriage-road to the back. This road is very cleverly 
concealed from the house by raised banks, planted 
with evergreens; and the soil between them is covered 
with turf brought from the Derbyshire moors. This 
turf is not grass, but very dwarf plants ol wild heath, 
bilberry, cranberry, and other low, wild British shrubs. 
This turf answers several purposes—it prevents weeds 
growing—it keeps the soil moist and cool in summer, 
and warm in winter: hence the Rhododendrons, Lau- 
rustinuses, &c., have grown surprisingly, and are now 
well set with dowers for next year. 
Walking round from the entrance-gate, the visitors 
are conducted to a pair of large folding-doors. W hen 
these are opened, the first object that is seen is the new 
Victoria House —a square building, with a ridge-and- 
furrow roof. I did not learn the exact size, but I judge 
it must be at least ninety feet across. In the centre, 
there is a large circular tank, for the far-famed Victoria 
regia, which lirst flowered in Europe here. It was in | 
flower the day I was there. Now, a circular tank, in 
the centre of a square house, leaves a considerable 
space at each corner. These spaces arc filled up with 
smaller tanks, in which are planted the various species ! 
of Nymphccu, Nelumbiums, and other stove aquatics. , 
I noted the following in flower:— Nymphaa cierulea, 
many flowers, and highly-coloured; Nymphaa Devo¬ 
nians, a crimson-flowered species, very fine, with dark- 
coloured, deeply-indented leaves;* Nymphaa alba, 
many blooms, sweetly-scented; Nelumbhm hybndum, 
very distinct; the flower was extraordinarily large, being 
nine inches in diameter; it is white, delicately tinted 
with pink ; the foliage, though large, is not much dis¬ 
similar to Nelumbium spcciosum. In one corner of one 
of these smaller tanks was a species of Pontederia in 
flower, with spikes of bloom, of the richest blue colour. 
In the spaces between the leaves of the Victoria, thei'e j 
was placed, upon pots, several pots of Achimenes nicely 
in bloom, and also several of the rarer kinds of Ferns. 
These had a good effect, making a gay appearance. 
From this very interesting house, L was shown into 
the Orchid houses, filled with plants in great health, 
and many in bloom. I believe, conscientiously, there 
are a sufficient number of plants to fill as much more 
space as they are now piaced in. The following were 
in fine bloom:— Oncidium Lanceamnn, several plants. 
Oncidium papilio, with many blooms, and the best 
variety. Oncidium leucliocliilum superbum, a beautiful 
good variety. Acrides quinquevulncrum, a good plant. 
Dendrohium chrysanthum, two very large plants, well 
bloomed. Of Cattleyas, several species. Miltonia spec 
labile, a good batch. Stanhopeas, various species. Pha- 
lannpsis, several plants. Calanthe masuca, live spikes; 
and many other species. In the same house, I saw a 
most extraordinary specimen of that curious plant, the 
Sarracenia purpurea. It had very large pitchers, and 
was in flower. 'The size ot the plant, however, was its 
chief attraction. It was fully one-and-a-half feet in dia¬ 
meter, and completely filled the large pot in which it 
grew. Near it stood a good plant of Sarracenia Drum- 
movdi, with its long-necked, spotted pitchers. 1 noted, 
also, an excellent specimen of the rare, New Holland, 
pitcher plant, the Ceplutloles follicularis, with a goodly 
number of its curiously-bordered, pitcher-shaped leaves. 
T. Appleby. 
(To be continued.) 
ROSE CULTURE 
(Continued from page 882.) 
\ Pruning. — Class 15.—Rosa moschata (The Musk- 
! scented Roses).—This class of Roses grows strong and 
j upright, and blooms most profusely during the latter 
i part of the year. Should any one or more strong 
shoots take the lead of the rest, I always cut them 
clean out about the end of July. The season lor the 
general pruning is in spring; and, as they are free 
bloomers, they will bear heavy pruning—that is, cut-in 
to three or four buds from the old wood. It the head 
is thin, the summer shoots may have the ends nipped 
off, which will cause the same year’s buds to break, and 
form a compact, dense head ol shoots, each of which 
are sure to flower well. 
Class 10.—Perpetual Moss.—Requires pruning at 
the same time as the summer-blooming Moss Rose. 
* This is said to be hardy. 1 saw it growing and flowering in a small 
pond in these gardens; but a hot water pipe was carried round the pond. 
