August 25. 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER 
403 
Should there be a tendency to produce flowers early, it 
should be counteracted by nipping oft’ the buds as soon 
ns they appear. Indeed, all Roses called perpetual 
should bo confined to bloom only after the bulk of the 
summer-bloomers are out of bloom. Tho very object 
j lor which the perpetuals are valued is the property of 
blooming in the autumn; but if they are allowed to 
bloom early, that property will bo in great measure 
destroyed, and then the amateur says the term perpetual 
is all deception! I heard one say the very words only 
a tew days ago. His perpetuals had been allowed to 
bear the iirst crop of bloom along with the Provence, 
Gallicas, and Damask summer Roses ; and, conse¬ 
quently, he will have to wait a month, or more, before 
he has any Roses on the true perpetuals, or autumn- 
bloomers. Now, had the first buds been nipped off, as 
1 have suggested, they would have immediately made 
fresh shoots, and formed flower-buds ready to burst 
forth in primeval beauty as soon as the early bloomers 
had finished their work. 
Class 17. — Perpetual Damask. —Prune these at the 
same season as the summer Damask, and attend to the 
remarks just given above about the nipping off the 
first buds. 
Class 18.— Hybrid Perpetuals. —This large class of 
Roses requires pruning with great care. Many of them 
are hybrids of China and Bourbon Roses, and are, con¬ 
sequently, rather tender. I would recommend, in con¬ 
sequence, the pruning to be delayed till the severer part 
of the weather in early spring has passed away. This, 
1 think, generally happens about the beginning of 
April, and then is the best time to prune the Chinese 
hybrids. They require close pruning, though the very 
vigorous growers may be left a little louger—such, for 
instance, as the Duchess of Sutherland, Jacques Lafitte, 
Madame Laffay, or Solid d' Austerlitz Roses. Let me 
be distinctly understood: by close pruning, I mean the 
previous year’s shoots should be cut into within two, or, 
at most, three, buds of tho old wood ; but with such free 
growers as 1 have just mentioned, leave as many as five 
buds, or even, in very vigorous growths, seven buds 
would not be too many. Let the pruning, then, be 
regulated according to the habit of each variety in 
growth. 
Class 19.— China Roses. —These Roses are, as is 
well known, most abundant bloomers, and, consequently, 
require severe pruning, as well as plenty of encourage¬ 
ment at the roots. Wherever they are planted out in 
beds, the soil should be rich and rather lighter than for 
other classes of Roses. The season for pruning is the 
time recommended for the last class, namely, the first 
week or so in April. Tt is well known they flower in 
large open bunches; now, as soon as any one of these 
bunches has dropped all, or nearly all, its flowers, the 
shoo-t that has produced it should be immediately cut 
close in. If that is done to each shoot in succession, 
there will be, as a matter of course, a succession of 
flowers all through the season until the frost stops their 
growth. 
Classes 20, 21, 22.—The Bourbon, Noisette, and 
Tea-scented Roses all require the same treatment J 
when grown in the border of beds as is described for j 
China Roses. 
1 will now, as briefly as possible, bring to the con¬ 
sideration of our readers, a few remarks on Pruning 
Roses in pots, more especially those intended to 
force. The season for this work, in this case, depends 
upon the season they are desired to be in bloom. For 
early work, they should be pruned as soon as the leaves 
turn yellow. The mode of doing it must be considered 
and attended to. If the kinds to be forced are vigorous 
growers, such as Brenus and Fulgens, and others of 
similar habit, the shoots should be well thiuned-out; 
and those intended for flowering only, just shortened in 
a little; but weak growers, such as most of the Tea- 
scented, should be shortened-in to two or three buds, in 
fact, cut down almost to the grouud; that is, when grown 
on their own roots. The pruning of other classes of 
Roses in pots should be carried on through the summer, 
in regard to thinning the roots and pruning off the 
flower-buds; the latter point, especially, should be 
attented to in all weak growers. I saw an instance, very 
lately, near Liverpool, in a zealous cultivator's garden. 
He never cculd get the Bourbon Rose, Paul Joseph, to 
| grow well in a pot, until he adopted the plan of nipping 
off all the blossom-buds as they appeared during the 
summer training for forcing the following season, but 
by doing so diligently, the plants, when I saw them, had | 
made numerous medium-sized shoots, and the plant was 
quite healthy. 
The season for pruning Roses in pots, will be, for 
early bloom, about the middle of November; and fol¬ 
iate bloom, the middle of March. Autumnal Roses, in 
pots, may be had in full bloom as late as September, or 
even December, by pruning off the rose-buds as they 
appear, till within six weeks or two months of the time 
the flowers are wished for. By paying due attention to 
pruning, indeed,Roses may be had all the year, with the 
aid of a pit heated with hot water and a greenhouse. 
T. Appleby. * 
REMARKS ON THE SEASON. 
( Continued from page 383.) 
Continuing the remarks on the various productions 
of the season, we now- come to that queen of flowers, 
the Rose, of whose qualifications so much has been said 
ol late, and so much diversity of opinion regarding the 
well or ill blooming of the many sections into which 
this interesting family is divided; but without going 
much into that matter, we may premise, that in many 
instances the late severe winter made sad havoc 
amongst the more tender kinds, especially the “ Tea,” 
some being said to be killed outright, others so much 
injured as to render it impossible for them to bloom 
well in the early part of the season ; and as many 
growers pay much attention to this section, the dis 
appointment tlieir failure causes, will, no doubt, account 
lor the outcry against the season m general. I believe 
I have mentioned before, that what Tea-Roses I have 
here suffered but little from the effects of the winter; 
but I am no particular advocate for this variety, and 
have but very few. The absence of a healthy foliage, 
or, in some cases, almost total want of any, which this 
variety universally presents, seems to me to more than 
counterbalance the fragrance and fine blooms which 
they undoubtedly possess to a degree superior to that of 
many other perpetual blooming Roses ; but when we 
can obtain the scent of the “Tea” Rose imparted to a 
variety having the form, &c., of Coup d'Hehe, and others, 
and the glossy foliage of the Yellow Banksian added 
thereto, we will then begin to curtail the long array of 
names into which our Rose lists are paraded forth. 
This desideratum, however, I leave to those having 
more leisure and a more extended knowledge of the 
family ; ^ at the same time, I cannot but wish that 
some of the great growers would pay a little more 
attention to foliage than has hitherto been the case. 
Assuredly, all Roses are not grown to be cut iuto small 
bunches for “ flower shows,” irrespective of the cha¬ 
racter of the plant they come from. Some are neces¬ 
sarily left at home, and when there present a pleasing 
feature by their habit of growth, and healthy, unspotted 
foliage. Now, it cannot be denied but that Horticultural 
Societies, in giving prizes for Roses in pots, have done 
much to encourage a healthier state of things, in so far as 
regards cultivating only those of good habit, &c.; but, 
