50S 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER. 
September 29. 
Three Golden Pheasant chickens. —First and second, M. H. Broad- 
bent, Stubbin, Holmfirth. Sis entries. 
Silver Pheasant cock and two hens.—First and second, Charles Taylor, 
Greave, Meltham. Four entries. 
Three Silver Pheasant chickens.— First, Ralph Carter, Upperthong; 
second, Charles Taylor, Gieave, Meltham. Five entries. 
Chittaprat cock and two hens.—First, James Dixon, Bradford; second, 
M. H. Broadhead, Stubbin, Holmfirth. Five entries. 
Three Chittaprat chickens.— First, Ralph Carter, Upperthong; second, 
M. H. Broadhead, Stubbin. Five entries. 
Game (black-breasted and other reds) cock and two hens.—First, 
Joseph Mellor, Thongsbridge ; second, Henry Tinker, Scholes. Four 
entries. 
Three Game chickens (same).—First, Alfred Gillet, Steps-mill. One 
entry. 
Game (blacks and brassy-winged, except greys) cock and two hens.— 
First, Henry Brooke, Beech-place; second, G. H. Hinchlift, The Nab. 
Two entries. 
Game (white and piles) cock and two hens.—First, W, L. Brook, Mel¬ 
tham Hall; second, Henry Brooke, Beech Place. Two entries. 
Three Game chickens (same). — First, G. H. Hinchliff,'1 he Nab ; 
second, Henry Brooke, Beech Place. Two entries. 
Game (duckwings and other greys and blues) cock and two hens.— 
First, Henry Brooke, Beech Place; second, G. H. Hinchliff, The Nab. 
Three entries. 
Poland ( Golden) cock snd two hens. First, John Dransfield, Peni- 
stone. Three entries. 
Three Poland chickens (same).—Second, J. F. Moorhousc, Scholes, 
Three entries. 
Poland {Silver) cock and two liens.—First, James Dixon, Bradford. 
One entry. 
Poland (black, with white crests) cock and two hens.—First, George 
Lockwood, Dyke End, Huddersfield. Three entries. 
Three Poland chickens (same).—First, George Lockwood, Dyke End, 
Huddersfield ; second, Thomas Battye, Brownhill. Two entries. 
Poland (white) cock and two hens.—Second, Henry Tinker, Scholes. 
Two entries. 
Three Poland chickens (same). — First, Jonathan Roberts, Cross; 
second, Henry Tinker, Scholes. Three entries. 
Cock and two hens of any other distinct breed.— First, H. Geissler, 
Kirkburton. One entry. 
Gold-laced Bantams, cock and two hens. — Second, John Mellor, 
Thongsbridge. Two entries. 
Silver-laced Bantams, cock and two hens.—First and second, C. S. 
Floyd, Sands. Four entries. 
White Bantams, cock and two hens. — First, Thomas Hinchliff, 
Netherhouse,- second, Henry Brooke, Beech Place. Five entries. 
Black Bantams, cock and two hens.—First and second, James Dixon, 
Bradford. Two entries. 
Bantams, of any other variety, cock and two hens.—First, H. Geissler, 
Kirkburton ; second, Richard Battye, Holmfirth. Four entries. 
Best cock, of any breed. —First, G. H. Hinchliff, The Nab; second, 
John Burton, Shaley House. Nine entries. 
Best hen, of any breed. —First, James Dixon, Bradford ; second, C. 
S. Floyd, Sands. Fifteen entries. 
Best cockerel, of any breed, hatched in 1853.-—First, Enoch Oldfield, 
Netherton ; second. C. S. Floyd, Sands. Six entries. 
Best pullet, of any breed, hatched in 1853. — First, Geo. Hatfield, 
Spring Gardens, Doncaster; second, C. S. Floyd, Sands. Flight entries. 
Three Guinea fowls. —First and second, Ralph Carter, Upperthong. 
Five entries. 
Turkey cock and two hens.—First, Ralph Carter, Upperthong. Two 
entries. 
Three young Turkeys. —First, George Haigh, Liphill-bank; second, 
Ralph Carter, Upperthong. Five entries. 
Gander and two Geese. —-First, Samuel Hebblethwaite, Mirfield; 
second, G. H. Hinchliff, The Nab. Three entries. 
Three Goslings. — First, Samuel Hebblethwaite, Mirfield; second, ! 
Ralph Carter, Upperthong. Seven entries. 
Best green Goose.— Second, Ralph Carter, Upperthong. Two entries. 
Drake and two Ducks, white Aylesbury. —First, James Dixon, Brad¬ 
ford ; second, C. J. Riley, Rose-hill, Birkby. Four entries. 
Three Ducklings, white Aylesbury. —First, Noah Batley, Lippel-bank ; 
second, John Harpin, Birks-house. Thirteen entries. 
Drake and two Ducks, Rouen, or any other variety. —First, Ralph 
Carter, Upperthong; second, C. S. Floyd, Sands. Six entries. 
Three Ducklings, Rouen, or any other variety. —First, Ralph Carter, 
Upperthong; second, G. H. Hinchliff, The Nab. Five entries. 
DEAD POULTRY, BUTTER, AND EGGS. 
Best Goose, dressed.- —First, T. P. Crosland, Gledholt; second, Ralph 
Carter, Upperthong. Four entries. 
Best Turkey, dressed. —First and second, John Harpin, Birks-house. j 
Six entries. 
Best couple of Ducks, dressed. —First and second, John Harpin, Bilks- J 
house ; third, G. H. Hinchliff, The Nab. Five entries. 
Best couple of Fowls, dressed. —First and second, C. S. Floyd, Sands. 
Seven entries. 
Best half-dozen Pigeons, dressed.— First, G. H. Hinchliff, The Nab. 
Two entries. I 
BEE-KEEPING FOE COTTAGEES. 
It will be our object, in the following papers, to give our 
readers such a knowledge of the Art of Bee-keeping as to 
make the pursuit of it not only a source of profit but of 
pleasure; for bee-keeping, to be prolitable, requires a fair 
amount of reasoning, and what can be a purer source of 
pleasure than the exercise of the reasoning faculties with 
which man has been endowed by his Great Creator. 
Before going on with the practical part of our papers, it 
may be useful to make a few' remarks on the present state 
of bee-keeping among cottagers, and point out some of the 
benefits and pleasures that may be derived from it. 
Bee-hives are seldom to be seen amongst cottagers, and 
when they are seen, their dirty and neglected condition, in 
general, says but little either for the comfort of the bees, or 
the understanding of their masters. This, w r e believe, is 
seldom the cottagers’ own fault; u r ant of opportunity and 
teaching, and not unwillingness to learn, usually lies at the 
bottom of it; it is to give them this opportunity and teach¬ 
ing that we are now writing. 
To those who have never yet began bee-keeping, we say 
begin at once. If you cannot buy, borrow a swarm from 
j our neighbour, upon such terms as to paying back in kind 
on its increasing, or in money from your expected profits, 
as you may be able to make. To those who already have 
bees, and are keeping them after the old fashion, we say 
alter your fashion; and adopt as nearly as may be the plan 
we are about to show you. Believe us, that if your bees be 
; profitable to you now (and that you continue to keep them, 
proves that they are profitable), they will be thrice as pro¬ 
fitable then, w'hilst the comfort of the bees themselves will 
be much greater. If it give a little more trouble, what 
matters it? I’lanning and making and mending in the 
long winter months, will pass away many long hours, and 
keep you from idleness and the beer-shop, if from nothing 
w'orse; whilst watching and operating in the summer will 
bring with it a pleasure ever new. As your liking for bees 
increases, you will begin to take a greater pride in your 
home; and you will be anxious to plant near your hives 
such wild and garden ilowers as you may be able to obtain. 
Do not think that we have, or are about to put forward 
any new-fangled notions. All that we have stated, and are 
about to state, has been well proved. If you are afraid to 
follow out our plans upon all your hives, try them upon one. 
Perhaps it will be the better course ; but we venture to say 
that you will not stop there. Any little awkwardness that 
may be felt in practice at first will soon pass off- Anything 
that, you may not understand, your masters will willingly 
explain; your own sense, and the assistance of your friends, 
will soon enable you to get over all difficulties. 
In all you do, try to fall in with the habits of the bees as 
much as possible. Assist them; do not thwart them. Make 
up in attention for the effects of our changeable weather. 
Do not be put down by the ill-natured laughter of others. 
The time will come when it will be your turn to laugh, and 
they who laughed before will be glad to come to you for in¬ 
struction. Then give it them by all means. Let no jealousy 
or selfishness creep over you ; there is room for all in bee¬ 
keeping, and there will be, when bees are ten times as plen¬ 
tiful as they are now. 
In the papers we are about to write, we shall divide the 
subject into six sections : the first will contain a short natural 
history of the Honey-bee; the second, a list and description 
of such things as will be wanted for the proper management 
of Bees; the third, a table showing the monthly requirements 
of the Bee-garden; the fourth, a description of the method 
of operating; the fifth, a system of management; and the 
sixth, some account of the uses of honey, and the method of 
preparing it and wax for the market, 
SECTION I.—ON THE NATURAL HISTORY OF THE 
HONEY-BEE. 
THE INMATES OF A HIVE AND THEIR RESPECTIVE OFFICES. 
During the summer months a hive contains, or should 
contain, three kinds of bees ; the Queen, wdio lays every egg 
that is laid in the hive, and is the only female in it,—the 
working bees, or neuters (that is neither males nor females), 
who collect honey, build combs, attend upon the queen (to 
whom they are devotedly attached), watch over, warm, and 
nourish the eggs as they are laid, clean out the cells ready 
for fresh eggs upon the young bees leaving them, air the 
hive by fanning with their wings, and perform all the ordinary 
business of the hive,—and the drones; and it has been 
calculated that a strong (that is, a populous) hive numbers, 
in time, before swarming, about 14,000 bees, the working 
