THE COTTAGE G A KEENER. 
SEPTEMBER 39, 
513 
temperature about 40°. All bard-wooded plants will require similar 
treatment, only the hardiest may have the airiest and coolest place. 
Early Fuchsias may be put into sheds before their stems have been 
injured by frost; pot all young struck plants. Geraniums, Calceolarias, 
&c., for beds and vases, may be kept easier in boxes than in pots—say 
5 inches deep, 0 inches wide, and feet in length ; give them two or 
three inches each. Salvia splendens, encourage with manure- 
waterings, and syringing with soot water to banish the Red-spider 
before housing it in the conservatory. Plants to be raised from the flower¬ 
beds should previously have their roots cut round, and then, after potting, 
should have a little bottom-heat, to encourage fresh roots, while the top 
temperature is kept cool. They will not require to be often watered for 
a time, but syringing the tops in snnny days will be serviceable, All 
Plants should be thoroughly cleaned, and houses and glass washed 
and put in good order. Water should also now be given with a careful 
hand, and only when necessary, A plant may not require it above once 
or twice a-week now that would have wanted refreshing twice in the 
dog-days, during a forenoon’s sunshine. Those swelling their flower- 
buds, will require, however, a good supply. Bear in mind that bad 
watering is the great cause why pot plants so often languish and die. 
R. Fish. 
FRUIT-FORCING. . 
Air-moisture, gradually decrease. Bottom-iieat must decline 
with the light, until they reach about 75° in December. Cucumbers, 
thin out carefully; stop regularly ; and give liquid-manure. Cherries, 
in tubs or boxes, plunge in a cold and shaded situation. Figs, see that 
the wood is well-ripened; those in pots plunge and secure from frost. I 
Fires, be moderate with ; rather inclose sun-heat. Flues, clean and j 
repair. Grapes, late, fire and ventilate freely ; watch for decaying ; 
berries. Glass, w'asli all that is in any way dirty. Melons, sustain a 
bottom-heat of near 80°; keep down red spider, and ventilate freely in 
the morning. Nectarines and Peaches : apply liquid-manure to late 
houses after heavy crops ; keep away red spider; stop all growing shoots, 
and secure the ripening of the wood. Pines, sustain heat, in order to 
ventilate most freely those to winter in pits. Apply liquid-manure to 
swelling fruits, and sustain a bottom-heat of 80°; atmospheric from 65 ° 
to 85°. Prune Vines, Peaches, ike., for very early forcing. Rest, apply 
systematically the principles to all things for early work. Watering, 
decrease at the root in proportion to the decline of the season. 
R. Errington. 
FLOWER-GARDEN. 
Alstriemeiuas, Van Hout’s varieties, and others, plant six inches 
deep, and in frosty weather cover with leaves. Anemones, plant for 
earliest bloom. Sow a few of the hardiest Annuals before t'.ic end of 
the first week. Auriculas and Polyanthuses, put under shelter. 
Bedding Geraniums, save as many as you can store; cut them close, 
and plant them in cold pits ; or drv, and keep in the upper rooms of the 
house. Bulbous Roots, finish planting in dry weather ; pot for latest 
forcing, and for plunging in flower-beds, &c. Carnation layers, finish 
planting and potting ; secure the pot ones from rains. Climbers of all 
sorts, plant, prune, and train. Compost, prepare, and turn in dry 
weather. Dahlias, cut down after frost, and let the roots remain as } 
long as it is safe; when taken up, dry them iu open sheds, &c., before 
storing where frost and damp cannot reach them. Dress the beds and 
borders, and put mark-sticks to bulbs and other roots, to guide you when j 
digging. Edgings, plant. Evergreens, finish planting, b. Fibrous- 
rooted Plants, finish dividing and planting, b. Fork over borders, I 
&c. Grass, cut very close the last time ; keep clear of leaves ; and roll. 
Gravel, weed and roll. Hedges, plant, clip, and clear at bottom. 
Hoe and rake shrubberies, and bury the leaves, &c., between the plants. 
Irids, as Ixias, Gladioli, &c., plant, and shelter from frost. Layering, 
perform generally. Leaves, gather for compost, Sic. Marvel of 
Peru, take up and store like Dahlias. Mulch round trees and shrubs 
lately planted. Plant perennials and biennials. Planting, perform 
generally. Potted Plants, for forcing, plunge in the earth of a well- \ 
sheltered border, facing the sun. Prune shrubs and trees generally. 
Ranunculuses, plant for earliest bloom ; seedlings of them, in boxes, i 
&c., remove to a warm situation. Rose-buds, untie the matting, if not 
already done, from newly-budded, and cut the shoots to within six 
inches of the buds. Shrubs of all kinds, plant, stake, and mulch. 
Suckers, from Roses and other shrubs, separate and plant. Tigridias, 
save from frost as long as possible ; should not be dried till January or 
February. Tulips, finish planting, b. u. Beaton. 
FLORISTS’ FLOWERS. 
Anemones, plant early in the month. Auriculas and Poly¬ 
anthuses, place in their winter quarters, m.; give no more water than 
just sufficient to keep them from flagging. Calceolarias, place close 
to the glass; prick off seedlings. Chrysanthemums, give abundance 
of water to and plenty of air ; kill insects on by frequent smoking. Car¬ 
nations and Picotees, finish potting-off into 48-pots, and place under 
shelter. Cinerarias, keep in frames well protected from frost till next 
month, excepting early flowerers, which should, as soon as bloom is 
perceived, be removed into the greenhouse; seedlings pot off. Dahlias 
protect from frost; if already caught by it, cut down, and lift the roots’ 
to prevent excessive bleeding ; protect plants cut down from frost bv 
covering with a layer of coal-ashes. Fuchsias, gradually dry off, and 
place under the stages, or in sheds, where the frost will not reach them. 
Gladioli, plant b. in light rich soil. Hyacinths, choice, plant, b. iii 
a deep rich sandy soil, m a sheltered nook. Common sorts plant any¬ 
where in beds and borders. Pot Hyacinths in mild compost, and deep 
pots, press the soil firm to prevent the roots descending too quickly to ‘ 
the bottom df the pots. Irises, English and Spanish, plant b. in rich ! 
soil. Pansies, pot off cuttings, very choice kinds place under glass in 
cold-frames; plant out common kinds, b. ; prick out seedling's; old 
straggling plants destroy, or prune in severely. Pinks, plant out finally 
where they are to bloom. Ranunculuses, examine and remove all 
decaying, or mouldy, tubers; prepare beds for; Turban varieties, plant S 
b. Tulip-beds, level, and make ready to receive the bulbs early next 
month. Weeds, pluck up in every department of the florists’ garden. 
T. Appleby. 
ORCHARD. 
Apples, house in succession. Berberries, gather, m. Borders, | 
prepare, b ; composts, collect. Currants, prune, e. Damsons, gather, i 
Fruit-trees, remove, e. Fruit-room, carefully ventilate. Figs, 1 
pluck off late fruit, e. Gooseberries, prune, e. Grapes, bag, or 
otherwise protect. Mulberries, gather. Medlars, gather. Pears, 
\ gather in succession, all at the end. Planting, preparefor, and proceed 
( with at e. Pruning, commence as soon as the leaves are cast. Rasp- 
! berries, protect late-bearing. Retarding: look well to currants and 
other retarded fruits ; keep away mouldiness! Root-prune, b. Straw- 
| berries, dress away runners, but not the leaves, b. Tomatoes, gather, 
and ripen on heat, b. Vines, attend well to, b. Wood ripening: do 
all you can to secure this, b. R, Errington. 
KITCHEN-GARDEN. 
This is the season to look out for plenty of plants of all kinds that arc j 
likely to be required for the ensuing spring ; and if you run short of any 
particular kinds, be active in looking round among your neighbours anil 
friends to see what you can exchange with them, as one may have an 
abundance of Lettuces, another an abundance of Cauliflowers, and so 
on. This is the way we should help one another. The next thing is to 
arrange good and proper situations for winter protection. Frames that 
arc done with from the Cucumber or Melon crops may be removed from 
the old hotbeds, and set down on the ground, level or upon sloping banks ; 
and if the frame be a deep one, the bottom mav be filled with any kind 
of material to within nine inches of the top of the frame, then upon thrt 
six inches of good earth; this brings the crop up within two or three 
inches of the glass. The same mav he done with merely four boards nailed 
together, and so placed upon a sloping bank, filling up in the same way, 
so as to keep the picked-out crops up close to the glass. These are con¬ 
trivances for picking-out Cauliflowers, or Lettuces,"Cabbage-plants of anv 
kind, and make excellent make-shift, shelters. 
Angelica, keep clear of weeds. Artichokes, attend to winter 
dressing. Asparagus-beds, attend to winter-dressing; seeds collect, 
aud plant for forcing. Balm, plant. Beet, take up for storing! 
Borecoles, towards the end of the month, mav be lifted into quarters 
of less value, should the ground be likely to be wanted for other purposes 
for early spring crops. Brocolis, keep clear of weeds, and attend to 
those heading it, to protect from frost, &c. Burnet, plant. Cab¬ 
bages, plant out, prick out, and earth-stir among. Cardoons, earth 
up. Carrots, take up main crops for winter store, and attend to young 
growing crops, as thinning, keeping clear of weeds and fallen leaves, &c. 
Cauliflowers, plant out under hand-glasses about the middle of the 
month; also in frames for winter protection. Celery, plant and earth 
up. Chives, plant. Coleworts, plant. Cress (Water), plant. 
Cucumbers, plant out; keep up heat of beds, by linings, &c.; water 
sparingly. Dill, plant. Dung, prepare for hotbeds. Earthing-up 
and earth-stirring, attend to. Endive, plant, and attend to blanching • 
full-grown may be taken up and planted at the foot of walls, and other 
warm corners, towards the end of the month, for winter protection. 
Fennel, plant. Herbary,- dress. Horse-radish, take up and plant. 
Hyssop, plant. Jerusalem Artichokes, take up as wanted. Leaves 
fallen, remove frequently. Leeks, earth-stir among. Lettuces, plant 
and prick out under walls, or in frames, &c. Melons (late), keep up 
heat, by linings or otherwise; no water must be given. Mushroom- 
beds, make, and attend to those in bearing, &c. Nasturtiums, gather 
for seed, if not done before. Onions, attend to those in store, and 
earth-stir or thin out the autumn-sown, or plant out if required, about 
the beginning of the month, Parsley, attend to potting, for’usc in 
winter. Parsnips, take up towards the end of the month for winter 
storing; leave in the ground for seed. Peas are sown by some about 
the end of the month. Pennyroyal, plant. Potatoes, attend to; 
look over often to see that no decayed ones remain among the bulk! 
Radishes may be sown in warm border. Rhubarb, plant in pots for 
early forcing, end of the month. Salsafy, take up for winter storing. 
Savoys, plant out. Scorzonera, take up for winter storing. Seeds, 
gather of any kinds as they ripen. Small Salading sow as wanted! 
Spinach, keep clear of weeds; thin out, and attend to in dry weather. 
Tansy, Tarragon, and Thyme, plant, if required. Tomatoes, gather; 
if not quite ripe, place them in some warm, dry situation, where they will 
soon rpen off. Turnips, clear of weeds, and thin out young crops) 
Vacant Grounds rough up, or ridge, or trench. Those who prick out 
plants in frames should be regular and mindful to take off the glass 
lights entirely in all favourable weather, and to tilt back and front in 
open, wet weather. T. Weaver. 
London: Printed by Harry Wooldridge, Winchester High-street, 
in the Parish of Saint Mary Kalendar; and Published by William 
Somerville Orr, of Church Hill, Walthamstow, in the County of 
Essex, at the Office, No. 2, Amen Corner, in the Parish of Christ 
Church, City of London.—September 29 th, 1853. 
