100 THE COTTAGE GARDENER. May 8. 
both beef and butter; and I believe the time will come 
when we shall do so. 
Horses. —The Society lias taken no new steps this year 
for the introduction of horses, owing to the great risk and 
expense of the business ; but has left it entirely to private 
individuals. Two American mares have been recently 
imported by Dr. S. 1\ Ford, from California, and one by 
Mr. R. II. Eowlin, and Mr. Paul Manini is daily expecting a 
line American stallion. Hood horses are increasing, but 
not so fast as poor ones, which in some districts outnumber 
the cattle, and are a downright nuisance. For valuable 
suggestions in reference to these miserable nags, and the 
subject of horses generally, I beg to refer you to the Report 
of the Committee having that matter in charge. 
“ Sheep. —The business of raising sheep has taken a start 
this year almost equal to that of wheat growing, and is fast 
acquiring an importance second to no other. It ought to 
be very profitable, for the price of mutton is high, and the 
rapidity of increase beyond all precedent. I have known of 
some flocks that have trebled in the last year, and I hear 
that Mr. Moffit has one ewe with live lambs, mother and 
children all doing well. The Merinos imported by Mr. Moffit, 
and the South-downs by Mr. Cummins, are thriving, I am 
told, and in a short time we may promise ourselves a large 
export of good wool, and the luxury of the best mutton. 
Dr. S. P. Ford, who has entered largely into the business of 
raising sheep, lias now on the way to the islands, in the ship 
Falcon, four French Merino and two South-down rams, which 
will infuse into our flocks some fine blood. Mr. Montgomery 
has also gone extensively into the business, and has ordered 
from Australia a choice lot of rams, which may be expected 
to arrive every day. Captain Meek has also ordered some 
South-downs from Vancouver’s Island. The Society has 
recently received a donation of valuable books from the 
Hon. B. P. Johnson, Corresponding Secretary of the New 
York State Agricultural Society, among which is the 
“ American Shepherd,” a treatise on the breeding and 
management of sheep, of high repute. For this and many 
similar acts of kindness, Mr. Johnson merits our best thanks. 
While speaking of sheep, I ought not to forget the burr, 
which is one of the greatest pests in this island, and is fast 
spreading to Maui and the other islands, being carried hence 
in the manes and tails of horses that were better dead than 
alive. I hope the Society and Legislature will take means 
to prevent the increase of this nuisance.” 
ORCHARDS, APPLES, AND THE MARKET. 
“David, I am going to quit the nursery business. In 
twenty-one years fruit will be a drug in New-York city. 
Just look around this neighbourhood ! There is deacon 
Jones has just set out 500 trees ; Tom Smith 400, and his 
brother Jim will have 1000 next spring, and so on at that 
rate all over the country—grafted fruit, too, none of it for 
cider. Now what do you suppose is to become of all these 
apples? I tell you what it is, David, we must wind up the 
nursery business, or we shall break flat. Everybody will 
grow it, but nobody will buy it, a few years hence.” 
This prognostication was made more than twenty years 
ago, by a sensible man engaged in propagating choice fruits 
for sale in Central New-York, and no doubt the speaker 
honestly believed the days of the nurseryman were well 
nigh numbered. Brother David, however, was of a different 
opinion. He did not believe it was so easy to over-stock the 
market with such fruit as no other than American soil and 
climate can produce. He did not believe ’ere twenty years’ 
time would elapse everybody would have an orchard, the 
products of which would be so unsaleable, and the business 
so unprofitable, that the owner could have no desire to plant 
more, or better, or newer varieties of trees; consequently, he 
urged that the business should be perseveringly continued 
until the dawning of the day was more visible in the horizon. 
What has been the result? A sale of 40,000 Apple-trees, 
and 7,000 of other fruits during the planting season of last 
year, and the prospect for the next equally good. The very 
men who had planted 500 have increased 1,000, and some 
of them have doubled that tenfold; and yet the market is 
now better than it ever was before for all the choice varieties 
of the product of the orchard, vineyard, or garden. The 
market is not yet glutted, nor can it be while millions of 
mouths continually water for the luscious fruits, which con¬ 
trast so advantageously with the sour crabs, “five to the 
pint,” which filled the market twenty years ago. The 
market cannot be glutted with such fruit as the Newtown 
Pippins, Koxbury Russets, Rhode Island Greenings, Bald¬ 
wins, Bellefleur, Swaar, Domine, and a great variety of other 
excellent winter keeping Apples; while the luxury-loving 
mouths of old England are within two weeks (we have done 
counting by miles,) of the fruit-bearing hills of New-Eng- 
land. Nay, not only New-England and New-York, but the 
ever-bearing trees of the rich plains of that once far away 
western wild, known in our boyhood as New-Connecticut. 
But still the market is not glutted, nor will it be, though all 
Ohio, Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, and Wisconsin, shall pour 
their golden treasures of Golden Pippins from their un¬ 
bounded plains of the richest fruit-growing land the world 
ever saw, while that same world full of people possess the 
taste they now do for choice delicious fruits. 
Our advice, therefore, is, as it has always been, to every 
man who owns an acre of land—plant trees. Don’t be afraid 
of over-stocking the market with any kind of fruit, except 
such as your father used to grow, and some of you still per¬ 
petuate : because the refined and improved tastes of the 
world demand, and will have, if it is procurable, the best 
that can be grown .—Oswego Journal. 
TO CORRESPONDENTS. 
Flower-gardens (A Subscriber, and Charles Edwards). —We do not 
suggest the planting of a whole flower-garden ; we merely criticise such 
plans as are planted already. 
Joyce’s Stove (/. ft.).—You will see what is said by a correspondent 
at page 6 1. There is no doubt it would throw out enough heat for your 
small greenhouse, eight feet by ten feet, and seven feet high. We have 
had no experience of the use of any stove but the one heated by gas. 
Food for Fowls (E. N.). —A quarter-of-a-pint of barley, and the 
same quantity of meal and pollard, mixed anrl moistened with water, is 
a fair average allowance for each full-grown fowl. They having a supply 
also of green food daily. 
Thinning Onions (IF. IVeekes). —You cannot thin them exactly 
first to two inches, then to four inches, and then to six inches. When 
such directions are given, no more is intended than that they should be 
about those distances. If you thin to three inches at your second thinning 
you will not spoil your crop ; and your Onions will be finer if they are 
finally eight inches apart. 
Fleming’s Treatise on the Pine was published in some gardening 
periodical, we believe. 
Dioscorea Battatas (IF. B.).—The address you ask for is “Mr. 
.1. Henderson, Kingskerswell, Devon.” 
Laughing Pigeons. —A correspondent has applied to us for the 
address of “An Old Subscriber,” who wrote about these Pigeons. 
Names of Plants (Argentum). —Your Verbenais very good, and like 
Perfume Madeline. Your Fungus is one of the Morels. 
• un w —r—wiiw ii—— mu mm — n - Ji TMM wr — w—■ w—imriwm i r u i mn ■ ■ ■ i m i h — i» T i n— un i 
POULTRY SHOWS. 
Agricultural Society’s (Royal) at Carlisle. July 23rd, and fol¬ 
lowing days. Sec., .1. Hudson, Esq., Hanover Square, London. 
Airedale, at Shipley, 14th of August. Secs., .1. Wilkinson, Esq., and 
J. G. Hyslop, Esq. 
Bath and West of England, at Tiverton, 6th, 7th, and 8th of June. 
Sec., J. Kingsbury, Esq., Hammet Street, Taunton. 
Bedford. November. Secs., J. T. R. Allen, Esq., and F. A. 
Lavender, Esq. 
Birmingham. 11th to 14th of December. Sec., J. Morgan, jun., Esq. 
Dewsbury. 24th August. Secs., R. R. Nelson, Esq., and J. New- 
come, Esq. 
Dorchester. 24th and 25th of October. Sec., J. G. Andrews, Esq. 
Durham and North Yorkshire, at Darlington, Cth and 7th of De¬ 
cember. Sec., J. Hodgson, Esq. 
Hexham. 14th and 15th of May. Secs., Mr. W. Turner, Hexham, 
and Mr. J. Bell, High Shield. 
Nottinghamshire, at Southwell, 19 tli and 20th of December. Sec., 
R. Hawksley, jun.. Esq., Southwell. 
Paris. June 1st to 9th. Application to be made to the Minister of 
Agriculture. 
Windsor. 27 th, 28th, and 29 th of June. Secs., T. Chamberlain, Esq., 
and H. Thompson, Esq., Thames Street, Windsor. 
N.B.— Secretaries will oblige us by sending early copies of their lists. 
London: Printed by Hugh Barclay, Winchester High-street, in 
the Parish of Saint Mary Kalendar; and Published by William 
Somerville Orii, of Church Hill, Walthamstow, in the County of 
Essex, at the Office, No. 2, Amen Corner, in the Parish ol Christ 
Church, City of London.—May, 8, 1855. 
