August 28. 
COUNTRY GENTLEMAN’S COMPANION. 
301 
couraged to spread by an excess of moisture in tbe air, 
combined with imperfectly-ripened wood made the pre¬ 
vious year. Wherever I have seen the mildew prevail 
most in hothouses, it has been where great numbers of 
plants were grown in the same house. The moisture 
arising from the necessary waterings caused the mildew 
to spread rapidly—hence, it is always desirable to have 
as few plants as possible in the Vinery, and to have 
during the day, especially early in the morning, a free 
circulation of air to carry off damps. With the Vines 
on rafters, we cannot apply Mr. Iveson’s method of lay¬ 
ing the young shoots on the soil; but for such as are 
grown in pots, it is, I truly believe, a most excellent 
way of keeping off mildew, growing the Vines well, and 
thoroughly ripening the wood. Let every cultivator of 
Vines in pots that has a wide pit give it a trial. I think 
he will be satisfied with the result. 
AETOCARPUS INCISA (Cut-i,eaved Artocabpus). 
This is the famous Bread-fruit-tree of the South Sea 
Islands. It grows twenty feet high ; has large, deeply- 
cut, evergreen leaves, and produces separate male and 
female flow r ers on the same tree. All plants producing 
such flowers on the same individual are classed together 
by the celebrated Linnfeus in his 2lst class— Moncecia, 
monos one, oikos house, both sexes on one jdant, or 
house. Of this peculiar class the Cucumber and Melon 
are familiar examples to every gardener. The reason 
why I bring this useful tree just now under the notice 
of our readers is, because it is now producing male 
blossoms on a tree in the Tropical Eruit-house at Sion, 
near Isleworth, the seat of tbe Duke of Northumberland, 
a place famous for the finest collection of exotic fruits, 
perhaps, in Europe. 
The blossoms are produced towards the ends of the 
branches, one on each. They are very curious, but not 
showy, having the appearance of enormous catkins, 
such as we see on the Poplar and Willow, in spring. As 
far as 1 could judge for the height, they appeared to be 
nine inches long, about an inch thick, and of a yellowish- 
brown colour. There was no appearance of any female 
flowers; but there is every probability the tree will 
produce them next year, or, possibly, this season yet. It 
will then be another feather of honour in Mr. Iveson’s 
cap, if he is as successful in fruiting this tree as he has 
been already with the Mangosteen. I have not heard 
that the Artocarpus has ever flowered before in Europe. 
Every general reader will recollect the mutiny on board 
the ship Bounty, Captain Bligh, who was sent, about 
eighty years ago, to the South Sea Islands, purposely to 
transplant this useful tree to our West India Islands. 
He succeeded in procuring many hundreds of plants, 
and had prosecuted his voyage successfully towards his 
destination, with the trees in excellent condition, when 
a large portion of the crew, attracted by the mild climate 
and alluring manners of the inhabitants of the islands 
they had just left, mutinied, put their commander in an 
open boat, with a few companions, and steered back to 
what they called an earthly paradise, thus, for that 
time, frustrating the good intentions of government. 
However, notwithstanding that unfortunate failure, the 
trees have been, since that time, conveyed to the west, 
and are now growing and fruiting, and are highly 
appreciated there. My son resides in the Demerara 
colony, and he assures me the trees are very fruitful, 
aud when the fruit is roasted it lias the taste and 
appearance of new, light bread. These circumstances 
render this tree peculiarly interesting, and I trust the 
tree at Sion will produce fruit shortly. It has advanced 
one step towards it without any particular care or 
treatment, excepting the usual attention to repotting, 
watering, heating the air more in summer than winter. 
Not nearly so much attention has been bestowed upon it 
as has been given to the Mangosteen, yet it has, 
unexpectedly, produced its curious, long, male catkins, 
the first step towards fruiting. 
MANGOSTEENS. 
A traveller from the East Indies had called at Sion 
a few days before me, and had with him a wooden 
model of the fruit of the Mangosteen, the natural size, 
from which it appears that the fruit at Sion had not 
reached the full size. The model was nearly double the 
size. This encourages the hope that when its culture 
is better understood, andthetree acquires more strength, 
the fruit will be really an acquisition for the dessert, and 
will be a corresponding dish to the Pine-Apple and the 
Melon. Some of ray younger brethren may live to see 
Mangosteens as common on the table as either of the 
fruits mentioned, and I think, in order to bring about so 
desirable an event, methods ought to be taken to induce 
early fruitfulness. Young trees should be raised by 
cuttings or layers from the tree that has fruited. These 
would naturally fruit earlier than a seedling tree, rea¬ 
soning from analogy, as in the case of Apples and Pears, 
seedlings of which, even in the open air, require from 
seven to fifteen years to produce fruit; whereas, cuttings 
or giafts will fruit the second, or, at all events, the third 
year. The Mangosteens at Sion are looking remarkably 
well. The foliage is a good colour, and the shoots are 
short and strong—just such shoots as a propagator 
would wish for as cuttings; and if these are taken from 
the fruit-bearing branches, I am pretty certain they 
would fruit much sooner than the parent tree has done. I 
noticed several young trees about three feet high. These 
I would graft in the spring with scions from the tree 
that has fruited. These grafts would be brought to 
beariug even sooner than plants raised from cuttings. 
STANWICK NECTARINE. 
So named from the place where it was first raised 
and fruited. Stanvvick is in the North Riding of York¬ 
shire, and, like Sion House, belongs to the Duke of 
Northumberland, aud he resided there wdien he was 
Lord Prudhoe, previous to the death of his brother, 
the late Duke. Our readers will recollect that this 
i Nectarine was brought into public notice by its owner 
! giving all tbe stock—nearly one hundred young trees 
i —to the funds of the Gardeners’ Benevolent Institu¬ 
tion. I think, if my memory serves me right, three 
I hundred pounds were tbe result of that very liberal do¬ 
nation. Now, it is a regretful matter that the variety 
has not as yet answered the public expectation. It 
j certainly is a good bearer, and a large, well-flavoured 
fruit; the only drawback is its extreme lateness, which, 
in the warmer parts of England is, perhaps, an advan¬ 
tage, as it thereby prolongs the wall-fruit season; but 
in the north, the fruit is prevented by the early frosts 
from ripening at all. Mr. Iveson, the gardener at Sion, 
however, informs me that the gardener at Stanwick 
j says it is an excellent fruit with him, and he ripens it 
perfectly, though so far north; and the means he adopts 
is to bud this Nectarine on an early Peach-tree. 1 am 
glad to make this fact known to the public, and would 
advise every one that has a Peach-tree to spare to bud 
the Nectarine upon it. Nurserymen, also, should work 
it upon one year old Peach-trees, such as the Royal 
Oeorye, for instance. They could then recommend this 
excellent variety of the Nectarine to their customers. 
T. Appleby. 
GARDENING FOR THE MANY.— September. 
General Remarks. —The golden month of Septem¬ 
ber is scarcely less prolific in the garden than it is in 
the field. Vegetables and fruit abound in variety, and 
to a perfection which they do not in other months— 
