478 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER. 
Septum pep. 
molest. Cuttings of all kinds, especially late inserted ones, intended for j 
out-door work next season, keep secure from dampness. Very dull, cold 
weather will be their greatest enemy. He careful how you apply any arti¬ 
ficial heat—it generally does more harm than good. Cytisus and 
Genista, scourge well with soap-suds, and then with clean water, to 
remove all traces of Red-spider, and then place where they can be 
sheltered before being housed at the end of the month. EnYTnaiNAs, 
out-of-doors, when touched with frost, take up and pot, and placed under 
shelter, not cutting the stems until moderately ripe. Geraniums, keep 
clear from fly, and slowly growing ; this iast condition is the best 
antidote against the former; avoid, however, letting them be cold and 
soaked too, for then you will have spot; forward ones may be repotted, j 
and fresh struck ones potted off. Gladiolus, pot. Heaths and 
Epacuises, get under shelter, and give them abundance of air, when 
temperature about 40°. All hard-wooded plants will require similar j 
treatment, only the hardiest may have the airiest and coolest place. I 
Early Fuchsias may be put into sheds before their stems have been j 
injured by frost; pot all young struck plants. Geraniums, Calceolarias, | 
&c., for beds and vases, may be kept easier in boxes than in pots—say 1 
5 inches deep, 6 inches wide, and 2£ feet in length ; give them two or j 
three inches each. Salvia splendens, encourage with manure- i 
waterings, and syringing with soot water to banish the Red-spider be- 1 
fore housing it in the conservatory. Plants to be raised from the flower- j 
beds should previously have their roots cut round, and then, after potting, 
should have a little bottom-heat, to encourage fresh roots, while the top 
temperature is kept cool. They will not require to be often watered for 
a time, but syringing the tops in sunny days will be serviceable. All 
Plants should be thoroughly cleaned, and houses and glass washed 
and put in good order. Water should also now be given with a careful j 
hand, and only when necessary. A plant may not require it above once 
or twice a-week now that would have wanted refreshing twice in the 
dog-days, during a forenoon’s sunshine. Those swelling their flower- 
buds will require, however, a good supply. Bear in mind that bad 
watering is the great cause why pot plants so often languish and die. 
It. Fisn. 
FRUIT-FORCING. 
Air-moisture, gradually decrease. Bottom-iieat must decline 
with the light, until they reach about 75° in December. Cucumbers, 
thin out carefully; stop regularly ; and give liquid-manure. Cherries, 
in tubs or boxes, plunge in a cold and shaded situation. Figs, sec that 
the wood is well-ripened ; those in pots plunge and secure from frost. 
Fires, be moderate with; rather inclose sun-heat. Flues, clean and 
repair. Grapes, late, fire and ventilate freely; watch for decaying 
berries. Glass, wash all that is in any way dirty. Melons, sustain a 
bottom-heat ol near 80°; keep down red spider, and ventilate freely in 
the morning. Nectarines and Peaches : apply liquid-manure to late 
houses after heavy crops ; keep away red spider; stop all growing shoots, 
and secure the ripening of the wood. Pines, sustain heat, in order to 
ventilate most freely those to winter in pits. Apply liquid-manure to 
swelling fruits, and sustain a bottom-heat of 80°; atmospheric from 65° 
to 85°. Prune Vines, Peaches, &c., for very early work. Watering, 
decrease at the root in proportion to the decline of the season. 
R. Errington. 
FLOWER-GARDEN. 
Alstrcemerias, Van Hout’s varieties, and others, plant six inches 
deep, and in frosty weather cover with leaves. Anemones, plant for 
earliest bloom. Sow a few of the hardiest Annuals before the end |of 
the first week. Auriculas and Polyanthuses, put under shelter. 
Bedding Geraniums, save as many as you can store ; cut them close, 
and plant them in cold pits ; or dry, and keep in the upper rooms of the 
house. Bulbous Roots, finish planting in dry weather; pot for latest 
forcing, and for plunging in flower-beds, &c. Carnation layers, finish 
planting and potting; secure the pot ones from rains. Climbers of all 
sorts, plant, prune, and train. Compost, prepare, and turn in dry 
weather. Dahlias, cut down after frost, and let the roots remain as 
long as it is safe; when taken up, dry them in open sheds, &e., before 
storing where frost and damp cannot reach them. Dress the beds and 
borders, and put mark-sticks to bulbs and other roots, to guide you when 
digging. Edgincs, plant. Evergreens, finish planting, b. Fibrous- 
rooted Plants, finish dividing and planting, b. Fork over borders, 
&c. Grass, cut very close the last time ; keep clear of leaves ; and roll. 
Gravel, weed and roll. Hedges, plant, clip, and clear at bottom. 
Hoe and rake shrubberies, and bury the leaves, &c., between the plants. 
Iuins, as Ixias , Gladioli, &c., plant, and shelter from frost. Layering, 
perform generally. Leaves, gather for compost, &c. Marvel or 
Peru, take up and store like Dahlias. Mulch round trees and shrubs 
lately planted. Plant pereunials and biennials. Planting, perform 
generally. Potted Plants, for forcing, plunge in the earth of a well- 
sheltered border, facing the sun. Prune shrubs and trees generally. 
Ranunculuses, plant for earliest bloom ; seedlings of them, in boxes, 
See., remove to a warm situation. Rose-buds, untie the matting, if not 
already done, from newly-budded, and cut the shoots to within six 
inches of the buds. Shrubs of all kinds, plant, stake, and mulch. 
Suckers, from Roses and other shrubs, separate and plant. Tigridias, 
save from frost as long as possible ; should not be dried till January or 
February. Tulips, finish planting, b. D. Beaton. 
FLORISTS’ FLOWERS. 
Anemones, plant early in the month. Auriculas and Polyan¬ 
thuses, place in their winter quarters, m.; give no more water than 
just sufficient to keep them from flagging. Calceolarias, place close 
to the glass; prick off seedlings. Chrysanthemums, give abundance 
of water to and plenty of air; kill insects on by frequent smoking. Car¬ 
nations and Picotees, finish polting-off into 48 -pots, and place under 
shelter. Cinerarias, keep in frames well protected from frost till next 
month excepting early flowerers, which should, as soon as bloom is 
perceived, be removed into the greenhouse ; seedlings pot off. Dahlias, 
25. 
protect from frost; if already caught by it cut clown, and lift the roots, 
to prevent excessive bleeding : protect plants cut down from frost, by 
covering with a layer of coal-ashes. Fuchsias, gradually dry off, and 
place under the stages, or in sheds, where the frost will not reach them. 
Gladioli, plant b. in light rich soil. Hyacinths, choice, plant b. in 
a deep, rich, sandy soil, in a sheltered nook. Common sorts plant any¬ 
where in beds and borders. Pot Hyacinths in mild compost, and deep 
pots; press the soil firm to prevent the roots descending too quickly to the 
bottom of the pots. Irises, English and Spanish, plant b. in rich soil. 
Pansies, pot off cuttings, very choice kinds place under glass in 
cold-frames; plant out common kinds, b.; prick out seedlings; old, 
straggling plants destroy, or prune in severely. Pinks, plant out finally 
where they are to bloom. Ranunculuses, examine and remove all 
decaying or mouldy tubers ; prepare beds for; Turban varieties, plant 
b. Tulip-p.kds, level, and make ready to receive the bulbs early next 
month. Weeds, pluck up in every department of the florists’ garden. 
T. Appleby. 
ORCHARD. 
Apples, house in succession. Berberries, gather, m. Borders, 
prepare b. ; composts, collect. Currants, prune, c. Damsons, gather. 
Fruit-trees, remove, e. Fruit-room, carefully ventilate. Figs, 
pluck off late fruit, e. Gooseberries, prune, c. Grapes, bag, or 
otherwise protect. Mulberries, gather. Medlars, gather. Pears, 
gather in succession all at the end. Planting, prepare for, and pro¬ 
ceed with at e . Pruning, commence as soon as the leaves are cast. 
Raspberries, protect late-bearing. Retarding: look well to Cur¬ 
rants and other retarded fruits; keep away mouldiness. Root-prune, 
b. Strawberries, dress away runners, but not the leaves, b. Toma¬ 
toes, gather, and ripen on heat, b. Vines, attend well to, b. Wood 
ripening; do all you can to secure this, b. R. Errington. 
KITCHEN-GARDEN. 
This is the season to look out for plenty of plants of all kinds that are 
: likely to be required for the ensuing spring; if you run short of any 
1 particular kinds, be active in looking round among your neighbours and 
friends, to see what you can exchange with them, as one may have an 
1 abundance of Lettuces, another an abundance of Cauliflowers, and so on,- 
1 This is the way wc should help one another. The next thing is to 
arrange good and proper situations for winter protection. Frames that 
are done with from the Cucumber or Melon crops may be removed from 
, the old liotbeds, and set down ou the ground, level or upon sloping 
banks; and if the fume be a deep one, the bottom may be fi.led with 
any kind of material to within nine inches of the top of the frame, then 
upon that six incites of good earth ; this brings the crop up within two 
or three inches of the glass. The same may be done with merely four 
boards nailed together, and so placed upon a sloping bank, filling in the 
same way, so as to keep tiie picked-out crops up to the glass. These arc | 
contrivances for picking out Cauliflowers, or Lettuces, Cabbage-plants of 
any kind, and make excellent make-shift shelters. 
Angelica, keep clear of weeds. Artichokes, attend to winter 
dressing. Asparagus-beds, attend to winter-dressing; seeds collect, 
and plant for forcing. Balm, plant. Beet, take up for storing. 
Borecoles, towards the end ot the month may be lifted into quarters 
of less value, should the ground be likely to be w'anted for other purposes, 
for early spring crops. Brocolis, keep clear of weeds, and attend to . 
those heading it, to protect from frost, &c. Burnet, plant. Cab¬ 
bages, plants out, prick out, and earth-stir among. Cardoons, earth | 
[ up. Carkots, take up mafn crops for winter store, and attend to young 1 
growing crops, as thinning, keeping clear of weeds and fallen leaves, &c. 
| Cauliflowers, plant out under hand-glasses about the middle of the j 
month ; also in frames for winter protection. Cf.lery, plant and earth 
! up. Chives, plant. Coi.eworts, plant. Cress (Water), plant, j 
1 Cucumbers, plant out ; keep up heat of beds, by linings, &c: ; water ; 
; sparingly. Dill, plant. Dung, prepare for hotbeds. Earthing-up ; 
j and earth-stirring, attend to. Endive, plant, and attend to blanching ; 
full-grown may be taken up and planted at the foot of walls, and other 
I warm corners, towards the end of the month, for winter protection. 
’ Fennel, plant. Herbary, dress. Horse-radish, take up and plant. 
| Hyssop, plant. Jerusalem Artichokes, take up as wanted. Leaves 
i fallen, remove frequently. Leeks, earth-stir among. Lettuces, plant 
and prick out under walls, or in frames, &c. Melons (late), keep up 
1 heat, by linings or otherwise; no water must be given. Mushroom 
I beds, make, and attend to those in bearing, Sec. Nasturtiums, gather 
j for seed, if not done before. Onions, attend to those in store, and 
! earth-stir or thin out the autumn-sown, or plant out if required, about 
| the beginning of the month. Parsley, attend to potting, for use in 
i winter. Parsnips, take up towards the end of the month for winter 
j storing; leave in the ground for seed. Peas are sown by some about 
l the end of the month. Pennyroyal, plant. Potatoes, attend to; 
I look over often to sec that no decayed ones remain among the bulk. 
Radishes may be sown in warm border. Rhubarb, plant in pots for 
early forcing, end of the month, Salsafy, take up for winter storing. 
Savoys, plant out. Scoiszonera, take up for winter storing. Seeds, 
gather of any kinds as they ripen. Small Salading sow as wanted. 
Spinach, keep clear of weeds; thin out, and attend to in dry weather. 
Tansy, Tarragon, anil Tiiyme, plant, if required. Tomatoes, gather ; 
il not quite ripe, place them in some warm, dry situation, where they will 
soon ripen off. Turnips, clear of weeds, and thin out young crops. 
Vacant Grounds rough up, or ridge, or trench. Those who prick-out 
plants in frames should be regular and mindful to take off the glass 
lights entirely in all favourable weather, and to tilt back and front in 
open, wet weather. T. Weaver. 
London: Printed by Hugh Barclay, Winchester High-street, in 
the Parislt of Saint Mary Kalendar; and Published for the Proprietors 
at The Cottage Gardener Office, No. 20, Paternoster Row, in 
the Parish of Christ Church, City of London.—September 25, 1855. 
