410 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER. 
[September 20. 
Sand from Bishop’s Waltham (T. M. W.). —This is a black sand 
j of no particular use. It is not sharp enough to supersede silver sand for 
' potting purposes. 
1 Names of Plants (11/. P.).— Your’s isCelsia mblanata. (IF.Z\).— 
Your fern is Cystopteris fragilis, or Brittle Bladder-fern. (A. ii.).—We 
cannot be certain from the leaf (\) you sent. It is, perhaps, Mmispermum 
canadense ; send us a specimen in flower. (Queen Mub).- —Your pink 
I shrub is Spiraea bellu, and the others (Enotheru serotina, Borkhausia 
rubra, and Rosa cinnamomea. 
CALENDAR FOR OCTOBER. 
ORCHID HOUSE. 
Shading must now be entirely dispensed with. Air, give in less 
quantities, and only when the sun shines. Cycnoches, and other allied 
species, will now have ripened their pseudo-bulbs, and should be placed 
upon a shelf near to the glass, and be kept quite dry. Dendrobiums 
will also have finished their growth towards the end of the month, and must 
be kept moderately dry and cool. If kept moist after that time the roots 
will perish, which will be injurious to them, both preventing their flowering 
and growing well next season. Indian House.—T he temperature 
should now be lowered 10°; 70° by day and 60° by night will be 
the proper heat. LtELiAS will now be showing flower; wet the blocks 
about twice a week, in the morning, to bring out the blooms large and 
fine. Moisture, both at the root and in the air, reduce greatly, so as to 
induce the plants to enter gradually into a state of rest. Water, still 
give to plants in a growing state, but in less quantities and not so often. 
Zygopetalums, now growing, pot to encourage strong growth. 
T. Appleby. 
PLANT STOVE. 
Air, admit freely during the day to dry up damp and prevent pre¬ 
mature growths, which would perish during severe weather. Amaryllis 
A u lica showing bloom bring now out of pits ; pot others, and place in 
gentle heat, to bring them forward; aim at exciting the roots to push 
before the leaves or flowers. Clear all plants from Insects, now more 
especially, so as to keep them down through the winter. Gloxinias, 
and allied plants, place in a position to rest where no water or frost can 
reach them. Ixoras, give less water to indulge a cessation of growth, 
and ripen the wood to flower well next year. Luculias, take part into 
the stove to flower early. Lycopodiums, divide and repot, to look green 
all winter. Keep every thing neat and clean, not only the plants but 
the wood, stone, and brick-work of the building, and the pots both at the 
outside and on the surface. Jasminum Grandiflorum and other 
species place to force into flower early. Solandra Grandiflora 
should now be showing bloom ; give plenty of water too at the root. 
Shrubs, Hardy, bring in to force, &c. Water freely winter blooming 
plants, drying up the spilled water with a mop. T. Appleby. 
FLORISTS’ FLOWERS. 
Auriculas, place in winter quarters, top dress previously, and de¬ 
stroy worms, slugs, &c. Water, a little in very dry weather; remove 
all dead leaves as they occur. Carnation Laye'rs, finish potting, and 
place in frame or pit towards the latter end of the month. Compost, 
prepare, turn over, and procure fresh. Dahlias, take up where the 
frost has killed the tops. Irises (bulbous), plant in open beds in rich 
soil. Polyanthuses, place in frames, shelter from wet, destroy slugs 
amongst. Ranunculuses, Scarlet Turban and other varieties of 
Turban, plant, e. Roses, transplant, e. Tulip-beds, turn over. 
Weeds, every where pluck up as soon as visible. T. Appleby. 
GREENHOUSE. 
Air, admit freely during the day, but sparingly at night. Alstrieme- 
ri as, shift, or rather pot in rich light soil, and place where they will be 
secure from frost. Azaleas, remove into the house, especially those 
that bloomed early, as t,he least frost will discolour their leaves. Bulbs, 
pot for early blooming*: Cinerarias, forward ones give manure water, 
and have secured. Camellias (See Azaleas). Calceolarias, strike 
cuttings ; pot forward plants ; prick off seedlings. Chrysanthemums for 
| winter blooming, provide with shelter from cold rains and early frosts. 
, Climbers on rafters now prune in, to give light to the plants beneath, 
j Clerodendrons, Gesner.e, Lantana, Achimenes, &c., keep in the 
warmest end of the house. Azaleas, Camellias, Fuchsias, &c., at 
| the coolest. Cytisus and Genista, scourge well with soap-suds, and 
' then with clean water, to remove all traces of Red spider, and then 
! place where they can be sheltered, before being housed at the end of the 
' month. Geraniums, keep clear from fly ; and slowly growing; forward 
I ones may be repotted, and fresh struck ones potted off. Gladiolus, 
pot. Heaths and Epacrises, get under shelter, and give them abun¬ 
dance of air, when temperature above 40 °. Early Fuchsias may be 
| put past into sheds before their stems have been injured by frost. Sal¬ 
via splendens, encourage with manure waterings, and syringing with 
soot water, to banish the Red spider before housing it in the conservatory. 
Plants to be raised from the flower beds should previously have their 
! roots cut round, and then after potting should have a little bottom heat, 
, to encourage fresh roots, while the top temperature is kept cool. They 
will not require to be often watered for a time, but syringing the tops in 
' sunny days will be serviceable. All plants should be thoroughly 
cleaned, and houses and glass washed and put in good order. Water 
i should also now be given with a careful hand, and only when necessary. 
A plant may not require it above once or twice a week now, that would 
| have wanted refreshing twice, in the dog days, during a forenoon’s sun- 
| shine. R. Fish. 
FLOWER-GARDEN. 
Anemones, plant for earliest bloom. Auriculas and Polyan¬ 
thuses, put under shelter. Bulbous Roots, finish planting 
in dry weather ; pot for latest forcing, and for plunging in flower 
beds, &c. Carnation layers, finish planting and potting; secure 
the pot ones from rains. Climbers of all sorts, plant, prune, and train. 
Compost, prepare and turn in dry weather. Dahlias, cut down after 
frost, and let the roots remain as long as it is safe ; when taken up, dry 
them in open sheds, &c., before storing, where frost and damp cannot 
reach them. Dress the beds and borders, and put mark-sticks to bulbs 
and other roots to guide you when digging. Edgings, plant. Ever¬ 
greens, finish planting, b. Fibrous-rooted Plants, finish dividing 
and planting, b. Fork over borders, &c. Grass, cut very close the 
last time ; keep clear of leaves ; and roll. Gravel, weed and roll. 
Hedges, plant, clip, and clear at bottom. Hoe and rake shrubberies, 
and bury the leaves, &c., between the plants. Layering, perform gene¬ 
rally. Leaves, gather for compost, Sec. Marvel of Peru, take up 
and store like dahlias. Mulch round trees and shrubs lately planted. 
Plant perennials and biennials. Planting, perform generally. 
Potted Plants, for forcing, plunge in the earth of a well-sheltered 
border, facing the sun. Prune shrubs and trees generally. Ra¬ 
nunculuses, plant for earliest bloom. Seedlings of them, in boxes, 
&c., remove to a warm situation. Shrubs of all kinds plant, stake, and 
mulch. Suckers, from roses and other shrubs, separate and plant. 
Tigridias, save from frost as long as possible; should not be dried till 
January or February. Tulips, finish planting, b. D. Beaton. 
FORCING DEPARTMENT. 
Air, admit as freely as the season allows. Bark-beds, renew or turn 
over, to keep up the required bottom heat. Dress the borders by fork¬ 
ing and raking, to keep a dry porous surface. Fire-iieat, by whatever 
means it may be distributed, must now be daily employed, to keep the 
temperature from 55° to 60°. Leaves, keep clean with sponge, &c., 
and remove decayed ones. Pines require a dry temperature of 60° to 
65°. Protect outside borders, in which forcing trees are planted, from 
rains and frost. Peach, prune ; wash with diltftTid'ftmmonia-water from 
the gas-works before training. Tobacco-fumigation, employ, if insects 
appear. Vines, strip the old bark off, and clean, as the peach, before 
commencing to force; begin with a day temperature of 50°. Water 
(tepid), apply with the syringe on clear days. R. Errington. 
ORCHARD. 
Planting of all kinds carry out. Stake newly planted trees for fear 
of wind. Mulch newly planted trees as soon as planted. Pruning, 
commence. Currants and Gooseberries, prune, b. Apples, prune, 
m. Plums and Cherries, prune, e. Pears, prune, e. Large or¬ 
chard trees, prune, e. Raspberries, prune and dress, e. Figs, 
pull off all young fruit large as a horse-bean, b.; protect from frost, m. 
Nectarines and Apricots, clear away,tfye % r^nut^Sing leaves from, m. 
Nails and screws, draw out supei^uops-^or.yTAtten ones from all wall- 
trees, m. Pick and prepare c\j£t©-fof'renaiTing. Suckers, clear away, 
m. Vines, prune, m. Espaliers, prune, m. Mulberries, plant, b. 
Medlars, plant, b. Raspberries, plant, m. Strawberries, plant, 
b. Stones of fruits, sow, b. Trench or otherwise prepare ground for 
planting, b. Walnuts, plant, b. Fork out ground about fruit-trees, 
slightly, b. R. Errington. 
KITCHEN-GARDEN. 
Angelica, keep clear of weeds. Asparagus beds, dress and plant 
for forcing. Balm, plant. Beet, take up* for storing. Borecole, 
plant, earth up, &c. Brocolis, keep clear of weeds, and attend those 
heading in, to protect from frost, &c. Burnet, plant. Cabbages, 
plant out, prick out, and earth-stir among. Cardoons, earth up. 
Carrots, take for winter store; leave or plant for seed; attend to the 
young growing crops. Cauliflowers, plant out under hand-glasses 
about the middle of the month; also in frames, for winter protection. 
Celery, plant and earth up. Chives, plant. Coleworts, plant. 
Cress (Water), plant. Cucumbers, plant out; keep up heat or beds, 
by linings, &c.; water sparingly. Dill, plant. Dung, prepare for hot¬ 
beds. Earthing-up and earth-stirring, attend to. Endive, attend to 
planting and blanching. Fennel, plant. Herbary, dress. Horse¬ 
radish, plant. Hyssop, plant. Jerusalem Artichokes, keep clear 
of weeds, and take up as wanted. Leaves fallen, remove frequently. 
Leeks, earth-stir among. Lettuces, plant and prick out under walls, 
See. Melons (late), keep up heat, by linings, or otherwise; no water 
must be given. Mushroom-beds make, and attend to those in bear¬ 
ing, Sec. Nasturtiums, gather for seed, if not done before. Onions, 
attend to those in store, and earth-stir or thin out the autumn-sown. 
Parsley, attend to potting, for use in winter. Parsnips, take up 
towards the end of the month for winter storing; leave in the ground 
for seed. Peas, sow towards the end of the month, Pennyroyal, 
plant. Potatoes, attend to. Radishes, sow. Rhubarb, plant in 
pots for early forcing, end of the month. Salsafy, take up for winter 
storing. Savoys, plant out for seed. Scorzonera, take up for winter 
storing. Seeds, gather of any kinds as they ripen. Small Salad- 
ing, sow as wanted. Spinach, keep clear of weeds; thin out, and 
attend to in dry weather. Tansy, Tarragon, and Thyme, plant, if 
required. Tomatos, gather; if not quite ripe place them in some 
warm dry situation where they will soon ripeu off. Turnips, clear of 
weeds, and thin out young crops. Vacant ground, rough up. or ridge. 
T. Weaver. 
London: Printed by Harry Wooldridge, Winchester High-street, 
in the Parish of Saint Mary Kalendar; and Published by Willi am 
Somerville Orr, at the Office, No. 2, Amen Corner, in the Parish ot 
ChristChurch, City of London.—September 26 th, 1850. 
