208 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER 
July 
top, completes the process. All this, though appa¬ 
rently tedious in the detail, is merely the work of a 
minute, or, at most, a couple of minutes, to an ex¬ 
pert and well practised operator. We, however, can 
do no more than lay down the rationale of the pro¬ 
cess, and the mode of carrying it out: expertness 
must he acquired hy some practice in this as in most 
other matters. All we can say in addition is that 
unless each hud is quickly inserted after being ex¬ 
tracted from the parent shoot, success becomes very 
doubtful, especially if the atmosphere is dry and the 
sun shines bright. We would advise that any side 
of the stock he selected but that directly south. The 
sun has a powerful action in the neighbourhood of 
the bud when in this situation ; and such is, there¬ 
fore, to he avoided, although we are aware many 
old practitioners in the nurseries do not pay any 
heed to such distinctions. The reason is that their 
mode of conducting the operation is so expert, and 
so much expedition is exercised, that the hud 
scarcely suffers at all in its transit; it therefore suc¬ 
ceeds in nine cases out of ten. 
We would advise particular attention to the follow¬ 
ing points, whatever the kind of tree may he, or 
whatever the height or position may he at which it 
is budded. 
1st.—That the tree he in a state of high elabora¬ 
tion: that is to say, great part of the foliage tho¬ 
roughly developed, and the growing or extending 
principle rather on the wane. This will, in general, 
take place between the second week of July and the 
second week in August, in most parts of Britain. 
2nd.—That a lively course of root action be se¬ 
emed, hy having - recourse in seasons of drought to 
copious watering a day previously to budding. 
3rd.—To reject all buds that appear torn out or 
otherwise injured: this is indicated by the hollow 
before named. 
4th.—To avoid any extreme of mutilation or 
pruning back, at the period of budding; we have 
seen roses reduced to a mere stump for convenience 
sake : such cannot be successful. 
5th.—To avoid too tight ligatures; the bast must 
be quite close, but not tight. It should he under¬ 
stood that the bud does not form the union by means 
of pressure alone; the bast acts beneficially also by 
shading the bark of the shield, or bud, thereby pre¬ 
venting excessive perspiration. 
Those who have a variety of fruits to bud should 
take them according to the order in which the wood 
becomes perfect: thus, cherries may stand first, 
apricots second, plums and pears third, and peaches 
and nectarines fourth. The only after care, is to 
water occasionally during the first fortnight, if the 
weather is very dry, and to romove the bandages in 
due time. This may, in general, he safely done 
within a month, and the best criterion of the success 
of the bud is the dropping off of the footstalk. 
If the bud is taking well, this will fall away in a 
week or two; hut if the footstalk shrivels up, it is 
a bad sign. The portion of the stock below the bud 
should, in all cases, be kept clear from useless spray. 
In cases where it is necessary to reserve such shoots, 
it will suffice to pinch off' their growing points. 
R. Errington. 
THE ELOWEll-GARDEN. 
NOTES OF A JOURNEY INTO HERTFORD¬ 
SHIRE. 
Messrs Pauls’Rose Nursery, Chesitunt.— Having 
often been invited to visit this celebrated rose garden, 
and an opportunity occurring a few days ago, we 
took time by the forelock, jumped into air omnibus 
that conveyed us to the Eastern Counties railway 
one evening, and, in little more than three-quarters 
of an hour, arrived at the Waltham station. And 
here we might describe the inconveniences of rail¬ 
way travelling, the difficulty of obtaining tickets at 
the terminus at Shoreditch, and the crush and rush 
to got them. Certainly they manage these things 
much better at any other booking-office in the king¬ 
dom. We might ask this simple question of the 
directors, Why do you not employ more clerks, and 
have separate entrances for first, second, and third 
class passengers, and have at least two clerks to take 
money and deliver tickets to the last-named class? 
Wo are quite sure the public, or at least that part 
who have occasion to travel by your railway, would 
be glad and thankful for such an alteration But we 
have arrived, in spite of this inconvenience, quite 
safely, and we trust to find the giving out tickets 
managed better on our next visit. 
As the evening was cool and pleasant, we chose to 
walk the mile and a half. There are some very neat 
villa residences at Waltham and Chesliunt—the two 
villages joining at their extremities. About the 
centre of the former stands a beautiful cross, one of 
the many erected by King Edward in memory of his 
beloved queen, who rested here on her last journey 
to London. It is a great pity that the houses which 
crowd upon one side of this fine monument of a 
king’s love arc not removed to a more respectful dis¬ 
tance. We were agreeably reminded that we were 
approaching a rose nursery, by observing the Avails, 
windows, and palings of the villas, and cottages too, 
for the greater part covered with festoons of climb¬ 
ing roses, in full flower, diffusing their charming 
fragrance through the evening air. There are seve¬ 
ral very pleasant country inns in Chesliunt, which, 
in the palmy days of coach travelling—now, alas! 
no more—had plenty of business. We chose one to 
rest our weary limbs near to the nursery gates, for 
the simple reason of being near to them in early 
morn. As soon as that arrived, we shook off dull 
sloth, and, after the necessary ablutions and duties 
Avere performed, sallied forth in anticipation full 
of enjoying a rich treat. Against the ancient dwell- 
ing of the proprietors of the nursery Ave observed a 
fine specimen of that beautiful creeper, the Bignonia 
radicans, just showing its buds of trumpet-shaped 
bronze-orange coloured flowers, with fine foliage, 
something like the leaves of the common ash. We 
would just remark, en passant, that this lovely 
creeper is not cidtivated for this purpose—to orna¬ 
ment the Avails of a dAvelling-house—half so much 
as it deserves. We inquired for the proprietors, Mr. 
George and Mr. William Paul, and were received by 
them with that unpretending yet hearty welcome 
Avliich at once gratifies the visitor, and raises his 
opinion of the Avortli and value of such estimable 
characters. Several of our readers no doubt are 
aware, as avcII as we are, that the original projector 
and proprietor, Mr. Adam Paul, has gone to that 
“ bourn from Avliich no traveller returns.” He avrs 
a man universally respected; and Ave cannot refrain 
from bearing our humble testimony to departed 
Avorth; and Ave are happy to say that his sons are 
treading in his steps, and will, if they persevere as 
they have begun in well doing, meet with their due 
reward. Mr. W. Paul, the second son, is the author, 
as is well known, of a treatise on the culture of his 
favourite floAver, the rose, an extremely useful and 
instructive book, Avhich ought to be in the hands of 
