August 
THE COTTAGE GARDENER. 
WEEKLY CALENDAR. 
261 
M 
D 
w 
D 
AUGUST 23—29, 1849. 
Plants dedicated to 
each day. 
Sun 
Rises. 
Sun 
Sets. 
Moon R. 
and Sets. 
Moon’s 
Age. 
Clock 
bef. Sun. 
Day of 
Year. 
23 
Th 
Gold-spot moth seen. [ww 
Tansey. 
V 
5 a. 7 
9 
34 
5 
2 
25 
235 
24 
F 
St. Bartholomew. Starlings flock to- 
Sunflower. 
1 
3 
10 
2 
6 
2 
10 
236 
25 
S 
Winged ants migrate. 
Perennial Sunflower. 
3 
1 
10 
33 
3 
1 
54 
237 
26 
Sun 
12 Sun. aft. Trin. Pr. Albert b, 1819. 
Banded Amaryllis. 
5 
VI 
11 
9 
8 
1 
37 
238 
27 
M 
Grey plover comes. 
Hedge Hawk-weed. 
6 
57 
11 
50 
9 
1 
20 
239 
28 
Tu 
St. Augustine. The knot arrives. 
Golden Rod. 
8 
54 
morn. 
10 
1 
3. 
240 
29 
W 
St. J. Bapt. beh. Martins collect on roofs. 
Yellow Hollyhock. 
9 
52 
0 
37 
11 
0 
45 
241 
St. Bartholomew, or Nathaniel, as he is called by St. John, has 
this deathless praise recorded of him—“ Behold an Israelite in whom 
there is no guile.” He preached the gospel in Arabia, Phrygia, 
Lycaonia, and Armenia; and it was in the country last-named, about 
a.d. 72, that he suffered martyrdom by being flayed alive. It is 
sometimes called “ Black Bartholomew-tide,” because more than one 
act of tyrannical persecution has occurred upon this day. The most 
cruel and bloody of these was the massacre or the French Protestants 
in 1572. In allusion to the dry weather usually prevailing at this 
season, there is this proverb - 
“All the tears that St. Swithin can cry 
Bartholomew’s dusty mantle wipes dry.” 
St. Augustine ( Aurelius Augustinus) must not be mistaken for 
Augustin, or Austin, whose anniversary was noted under the date of 
May 26 th. The ecclesiastic thus commemorated was a native of 
Numidia, became bishop of Hippo, and died on this day in the year 
430. He was a most voluminous writer on religious subjects, and 
Insects. —At this season the maggot found in the kernel of the 
fdbert and hazel nut becomes familiar to every one. This maggot is 
the larva of the Nut-weevil, Balaninus nucum of some entomologists, 
and Curculio, or Rhyncheenus nucum, of others. The parent weevil 
is greyish-brown, with darker bands ; is about a quarter of an inch 
long, and has a red, slender beak, about the middle of which are 
placed antennae : the beak is as long as the body. When the nut 
is in a young state, the female weevil, some time in May or June, 
deposits in it a single egg. The maggot is hatched in about a 
fortnight, and continues feeding in the interior of the nut till it 
is full grown. The nut often falls when the maggot has attained 
its full size, and the marauder then eats its way out, buries it¬ 
self in the earth, and becomes a chrysalis. The maggot has no 
legs, nor, indeed, has it any use for them, being hatched in the 
midst of its food ; and it is capable of moving faster than might be 
expected, solely by the alternate contraction and extension of the 
segments of its body. The only remedy we are aware of is, in the 
course of the summer, to frequently shake the trees, which will cause 
the eaten nuts to fall to the ground, when they must be collected 
and burned. A, bunch of filberts; a, the healed wound caused by 
the weevil when inserting its egg; b, the end of the nut; e, hole 
through which the maggot came out; B, the maggot or grub; C, the 
chrysalis; D, the parent weevil. 
Mr. Richard Payne Knight, one of our most judicious 
writers upon “ The Principles of Taste,” has observed 
that “ when many sorts and varieties of flowers are 
skilfully arranged and combined, as in the flower-pots 
of Vanhuysum, they form, perhaps, the most perfect 
spectacle of mere sensual beauty that is anywhere to 
he found.” At page 193, we gave a few hints how 
flowers might thus be “skilfully arranged and com¬ 
bined,” but such of our readers as can refer to one 
of Vanlmysum's paintings of flowers will there seo 
some of his works are still in request. The Eremites, or order of 
Augustine friars, arose, it is said, from the habits of seclusion he 
adopted. 
St. John the Baptist. —On this day the anniversary of his 
execution by Herod was formerly celebrated. See June 24th, p. 139. 
Phenomena of the Season. —In our last we gave instances of 
the dispersion of plants by the agency of the winds, and we will now 
enumerate some examples of the currents of rivers and of the ocean 
being equally efficacious. The seeds of the willow herb ( Epilobium 
hirsutum), and of the various species of willow (Salix), are clothed 
with a down sustaining them on the surface of the waters by which 
their parents delight to vegetate, and to the welcome shores of which 
they are either borne by the stream or wafted by the breeze that 
sweeps over it. When Francis Leguat was wrecked upon the island 
of Rodriquez, he found no cocoa-nut trees upon the island, though 
many of their fruit were brought by the sea to its shores, and from 
these he and his unfortunate fellow-sufferers planted the island. 
These nuts floated thither from the 
island of St. Brande, situated far away 
to the north-east of Rodriquez. By 
means of the rivers which bear their 
seeds down into the Baltic sea, many 
of the plants of Germany are carried 
to the shores of Sweden ; by similar 
means the plants of Spain and France 
reach the coasts of Britain ; and those 
of Africa and Asia float to those of 
Italy. Sir Hans Sloane frequently 
found the fruit of the nicker-tree (Gui- 
landina bonduc), and of several other 
West Indian plants, thrown by the 
sea upon the northern islands of Scot¬ 
land ; and Dr. Tonning found similar 
produce similarly conveyed to the shores 
of Norway, among them being the 
Cashew nut ( Anacardium accident ale), 
probably after having floated over the 
intervening 2000 miles. 
“philosophy teaching by example.” They will ob¬ 
serve that, in gi’ouping his flowers, this most exqui¬ 
site painter usually placed the brightest in the centre, 
gradually decreasing in intensity of colour from that 
centre to the edges of his groups. They will also 
find that in each of these lovely nosegays there is 
one prevailing colour. If it were not so, the group 
would appear patchy or spotty; and in forming our 
bouquets we shall find the importance of following 
the same rules. If a spray of bright crimson roses 
August 
1841. 
1842. 
1843. 
1844. 
1845. 
1846. 
1847. 
1848. 
23 
Cloudy. 
Fine. 
Rain. 
Fine. 
Showery. 
Fine. 
Cloudy. 
Cloudy. 
Highest 
& lowest 
O 
'Tfi 
rf 
1 
Ct 
85°—40° 
69° — 53° 
69°—38° 
70°—50° 
71°—59° 
61°—46° 
70°—42° 
24 
Showery. 
Stormy. 
Fine. 
Fine. 
Fine. 
Fine. 
Cloudy. 
Showery. 
fi7°—45° 
70° —55° 
740—46° 
O 
1 
<0 
O 
720—440 
68°—46° 
65°—49° 
64°—41° 
25 
Showery. 
Stormy. 
Fine. 
Fine. 
Cloudy. 
Fine. 
Fine. 
Showery. 
67°—60° 
7i°— 57° 
72°—56° 
73°—50° 
73°—50° 
69°—52° 
74°—50° 
66°—50° 
2(3 
Fine. 
Fine. 
Fine. 
Fine. 
Fine. 
Fine. 
Fine. 
Showery. 
79°—62° 
80° —56° 
75° — 46° 
66° —47° 
710—46° 
74°—56° 
72°—43° 
70° —54° 
27 
Cloudy. 
Cloudy. 
Fine. 
Fine. 
Cloudy. 
Fine. 
Fine. 
Showery. 
81°—51° 
74°-57° 
750—470 
71°—38° 
71°—51° 
76°—57° 
81°—46° 
69°—63° 
28 
Fine. 
Showery. 
Rain. 
Fine. 
Fine. 
Fine. 
Fine. 
Cloudy. 
77°—52° 
72°—56° 
71°—59° 
78°—40° 
66°—47° 
78°— 56° 
81°—55° 
74°—56° 
29 
Fine. 
Stormy. 
Cloudy. 
Fine. 
Fine. 
Showery. 
Fine. 
Fine. 
81°—51° 
74°—55° 
74°—59° 
790—42° 
69°—42° 
72 °—48° 
75°—44° 
70°—470 
No. XLVII., Von. II. 
