BLOOD-SUCKING ARTHROPOD A. 
93 
Chironomidee (Midges) :—genus Ceratopogon. 
With few exceptions, the blood-sucking 
species at present known are confined 
to the genus Ceratopogon, which is uni¬ 
versally distributed, and at the present 
time comprises some hundred and eleven 
described species. The blood-sucking 
habit, however, is exceptional in the 
genus, and is limited to the female sex. n 
Fig. 1 .—Ceratopogon sp. r . Uganda, 
(x 12.) 
Simulidse (in fndia known as Sand-flies \ in the United States 
as Black flies, Buffalo-gnats, and Turkey-gnats). 
This family consists of the single genus Simulium , which is uni¬ 
versally distributed, and of which some sixty-six species, difficult to 
Fig. 2 .—Simulium sp. $ . Vernon, B. Colombia, 
(x 12.) 
distinguish one from another, have been described up to the present 
time. The females of some of these flies, which are among the most 
dreaded of all blood-sucking Diptera, sometimes occur in enormous 
swarms, and by their attacks upon horses, mules, and cattle, especially 
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