3 
Division of Herpetology, Florida Museum of Natural History, 
University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611. 
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.- The author alone is responsible for any 
inaccuracies. George Zug made the work possible. Jay Savage 
reviewed the manuscript and was especially helpful in moving the 
effort along. Ronald Crombie and William Duellman also reviewed 
the manuscript. Van Wallach reviewed an early version of the 
snake checklist. Ernest Williams provided a copy of his Anolis 
checklist for Panama. Inspiration to compile this work evolved 
while on active duty in Panama with the United States Navy during 
1990, 1991, and 1992. Use of the library at the Smithsonian's 
Division of Amphibians and Reptiles was also made possible by the 
U.S. Naval Reserve, which paid transportation costs for quarterly 
weekend training near Baltimore. Thanks to the staff of the 
Division of Amphibians and Reptiles for their gracious 
hospitality and valued conversations. I also thank my supervisors 
at Florida Museum of Natural History for permitting the research 
time needed for this project. 
I. A CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF PANAMA 
AMPHIBIA (170 native species; 2 introduced) 
I. ANURA (140 native species; 2 introduced) 
A. Bufonidae (15 species) 
Atelopus certus Barbour, 1923. Panama (Darien Province). 
Atelopus chiriquiensis Shreve, 1936. Costa Rica, Panama 
(Bocas del Toro, Chiriqui Provinces). 
Atelopus glyphus Dunn, 1931. Panama (Darien Province), Colombia. 
Atelopus varius (Lichtenstein, 1856). Costa Rica, Panama, 
Colombia. 
Atelopus zeteki Dunn, 1933. Panama (western; Cerro Campana, Valle 
de Anton area). CITES Appendix I/USFWS Endangered. 
Bufo coccifer Cope, 1866. Mexico to Panama (western Pacific 
versant). 
Bufo coniferus Cope, 1862. Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama 
(Atlantic and Pacific versants), Colombia, Ecuador. 
Bufo fastidiosus Cope, 1875. Costa Rica, Panama (western). 
Bufo granulosus Spix, 1824. Panama to Argentina. 
Bufo haematiticus Cope, 1862. Honduras to Ecuador. 
Bufo marinus (Linnaeus, 1758). United States (Texas) to Peru. 
Introduced to many Caribbean, southeast Asian, and Pacific 
basin islands. 
Bufo peripatetes Savage, 1972. Panama (known from the type 
locality in Chiriqui Province, above Boquete on Almirante 
Trail, elevation 1500 m and from the border of Bocas del 
Torro and Chirique Provinces border at Cerro Bollo, 80 km 
ESE of the type locality). 
Bufo typhonius (Linnaeus, 1758). Panama, South America. 
Crepidophryne epiotica (Cope, 1875). Costa Rica, Panama 
(western). 
