INDEX. Vll 
CHAPTER IV. 
Route near tlic thirty-fifth parallel of north latitude. 
Page. 
Considerations determining the general position of the route. 74 
Description of the route, distances and elevations, tunnel in Cajon Pass, &c... 74,75 
Grades.*. 75 
Soil...... 75,76 
Building material.-.-. 76 
Fuel. 77 
Water.-. 77 
Elevations, sum of ascents and descents, lengths, &c..— ....-.-. 77,78 
Estimated cost, with remarks...-.-. 78 
CHAPTER V. 
Route near the thirty-fifth parallel of north latitude. 
I.—From Red river to the Rio Grande...— 79-81 
Examination of route in detail from Fulton to the Llano Estacado, (comprising topographical description, 
grades, building materials, fuel, water, &c.). 79 
Westward extension of fertile soil in this latitude... 79 
Construction across the Llano Estacado, water, ties, lumber, fuel, &c. 79,80 
Construction from the Pecos river to the Rio Grande, and Guadalupe Pass, water, ties, lumber, fuel. 80 
Building stone from Red river to Rio Grande.-. 80, 81 
Coal. 81 
General characteristics of this portion of the route, and elevations.— ... 81 
Remarks upon the estimated cost of construction... 81 
H.—From the Rio Grande to the mouth of the Gila.-.-. 81-86 
General description of the country between Dona Ana, on the Rio Grande, and the Pimas villages, on the Gila— 
profile of the route, elevation, grades, &c... 81,82 
Use of steep natural grades. 82 
Route along the Rio Grande. 82 
Parke’s .grades... 82,83 
Water. 83,84,85 
Fuel. 85 
Peculiar features of the country favoring the cheap construction of a railroad. 85 
Examination of the route in detail from the Pimas villages, along the Gila to the Colorado river. 86 
III.—From the mouth of the Gila to San Francisco. 86-94 
Examination of the route in detail from the mouth of the Gila to the eastern entrance of the San Gorgonio 
Pass, passes of the coast range, Colorado desert, construction, water, soil, distances, grades.. 86 
San Gorgonio Pass—natural grades. 87 
Connection with San Diego ; with San Pedro; their harbors. 87 
Continuation of detailed examination of the route to San Francisco.. 87 
Passes through the coast range, by which the Great Basin may be attained from the plains of Los Angeles, and 
selection of the New Pass... 87,88 
Continuation of the route from San Gorgonio Pass to the Great Basin. 88 
Passes from the Great Basin to the head of the Tulares Valley. 88,89 
Superiority of the Tah-ee-chay-pah Pass. 89 
Continuation of the route in the Great Basin, and to the Tulares Valley. 89 
Continuation of the route along the Tulares and San Joaquin Valleys, to the Straits of Martinez. 89, 90 
More direct route to San Francisco by the San Jose Valley. 90 
Soil, building materials, fuel, water, sum of ascents and descents, lengths, &c. 90 
Characteristic features of this portion of the route, the mountain passes and their character; use of steep 
grades. 90, 91 
Extract from the report of Allan Campbell, esq., chief engineer of the Valparaiso and Santiago railroad, in 
which the subject of steep grades is discussed... 91-94 
Application of this discussion to the natural grades in the mountain passes of this route near the' thirty-second 
parallel.„. 94 
Snow and ice on the Tah-ee-chay-pah Pass, and on the route generally. 94 
General review of the whole route. 94-99 
General considerations which determine the position of the route; its characteristics; elevations of its mountain 
passes, and general elevation; peculiar features of tho arid plains favorable to cheap construction of road; 
water, and cost of carrying it. 94,95 
