372 
ZOOLOGY. 
in. I obtained the most perfect adhering to rocks below low water, in a place where they 
were not likely to be rolled. Those found on oyster-beds are usually smooth, even when quite 
small. 
“The form, also, seems to vary considerably in different localities; some from Puget Sound 
being much larger and more elongated, though found also of the usual form near by.”—J. G. C. 
PURPURA OSTRINA. 
Purpura ostrina, Gould, Expl. Exped. Shells, p. 244.— Idem Atlas, fig 310 ; Carp. Eep. p. 340. 
“ Purpura Freyeinetii,” Middend.; non Desh. 
Purdura decemecostata, Midd. Beitrage II, 116 ; pi. ix, f. 1, 2, 3. 
Hah. —Straits of Fuca ; Puget Sound; Dr. Cooper. 
Quite a different species from P. Freyeinetii , of Deshayes, with which it was confounded by 
Middendorff, though he also named and described it as new. Whether his or Dr. Gould’s 
name has the priority I have not the means of deciding. On rocks above low-water mark, 
from the mouth of Hood’s Canal to Straits of Fuca; common. 
PURPURA LAPILLUS. 
Purpura lapillus, Linn. Midd. Gould, Carpenter; op. cit. 
Ilab. —Sitka, Oehotsk; White sea; Middendorff. Straits of Juan de Fuca; Puget Sound ; Dr.Cooper. 
Equally common with the last species, and found together with it. 
PURPURA EMARGINATA. 
Purpura emarginata, Desh. Rev. Zool. 1839.—Magasin de Zool. Moll. pi. 25 ; 1841.— Reeve, C. I. Purp. x, p. 46.— 
Carp. Rep. p. 340. 
Purpura Conradi, Nutt. Mss., Jay’s Catal. No. 8972. 
Hah. —Upper California; Dr Trask. San Diego ; Lieut. Trowbridge. 
This shell is, no doubt, a Calafornia species, Whence several were sent by Dr. Trask. Mr. 
Reeve mentions specimens in the British Museum, collected by Mr. Nuttall in that country. 
There is probably an error in M. Deshayes statement that it inhabits New Zealand. 
MONOCEROS ENGONATUM. 
Purpura (Monoceros) engonata, Conr. in Journ. Acad. Phila. VII, p. 26 ; pi. 20, p. 17. 
“ Monoceros engonatum, Conr.” Carp. Report, p. 201. 
“ Monoceros unkarinatum, Reeve, C. I. sp. 1; new, pi. I, f. 1; nec. syn. pi.; non Sowb. nec. Desh.”— Carp. Rep. 201. 
“ Monoceros unkarinatum , Sowb. var.” Jay Cat. No. 9067. N. B.—The type is quoted by Dr. Jay as synonymous 
with Purpura spirata, Blainville. 
Rib .—Bay of San Pedro, Upper California ; Dr. Trask. Santa Barbara; Nuttall. 
From the above citations, which might be further extended, it will be seen that there is much 
difference of opinion concerning the synonymy of this species. Our specimens, of which four 
were sent by Dr. Trask, agree entirely with Mr. Conrad’s figure and description. They differ 
materially from Kiener’s figure of Purpura spirata from the Sandwich Islands, and still more 
from Reeve’s figure 2, species 1, of his plate I. At the same time they are possibly identical 
as species. This was first published by Mr. Conrad in 1837. 
