22 
CONTENTS. 
CHAPTER TY. 
Narrative and Itinerary continued.—Routes of detached parties in charge of Lieut. Williamson. 
Exploration near Lower Klamath Lake. —Party.—White Stone.—Lower Klamath Lake.—Klamath River.-—Letters.—Canon.— 
Passage of River through Lake.—Upper Klamath Lake.—Raft.—Junction with main party .—First Exploration among the 
Cascade Mountains. —Party.—Fine meadow.—Snow peaks.—Lakes.—View from mountain.—Indian trail.—Cascade.— 
Extinct crater.—Summit of divide.—Three men sent hack.—Indians.—Forks of trail.—Why-chus Creek.—Junction 
with main party .—Second Exploration among the Cascade mountains. —Party.—Extended view.—Snow.—Lakes.-—Trail disap¬ 
pears.-—Canon.—Compelled to turn hack.—Depot Camp again.—Second start.—Difficult route.-—Extended view.—Trail 
disappears.—Route impassable.—Compelled to turn hack.—Rain.—Indians.-—Barometer broken.—Return to Depot 
Camp.—New route.—Elk killed.—Astronomical observations .—Route from Camp S., on Why-chus Creek, to Vancouver .— 
First division of party.-—Start.—Wagon road.—Main divide.—Lakes.—Middle Fork of Willamette River.—Route in 
ravine.—First settlement.—Spore’s Ferry.—Broken down horses left behind.-—Fences.—South Fork of Santiam River.— 
North Fork.—Oregon City.—Fort Vancouver.—Subsequent movements of Lieut. Williamson. 
CHAPTER V. 
Narrative and Itinerary continued—Routes of detached 'parties in charge of Lieut. Abbot. 
First Exploration in Des Chutes Valley. —Party.—Accident.—Que-y-ee Brook.—Dry Caiion.—Wild view.—Canon of Mpto-ly-as 
River.—Late arrival in camp.—Strange character of the Canon.—Indian grave.—Ascent of Canon side.—Psuc-see-que 
Creek and Canon.—Chit-tike Creek and Canon.-—Wam-chuck Canon.—Gold hunters.—Indians.—A surprise.-—Hot 
springs.—Wild lateral gorge.—Caves.—Basin.—Mountain.—Nee-nee springs.—Mutton Mountains.—Tysch Prairie.— 
Tysch Creek and Canon.—First settlement.—Evelyn’s rancho.—Potatoes.—Indians.—Dead body.—Bread of kous root.— 
Wagon road.—Tysch Mountains.—Fifteen-mile Creek.—Eight-mile Creek.—Five-mile Creek.—Fort Dalles.—Officers 
there.—Chinook William and Col. Frdmont’s supposed trail.—Dalles of Columbia.—Salmon.—Trip to Cascades of 
Columbia.-—Captain Wells.—Mr. Coe.-—Indian burial place.—Wind Mountain.—Submerged forest.—Cascades.—Baro. 
metric observations to determine descent of river.—Burial place.—Petrifactions—Salmon fishing.—Wild evening walk.— 
Measurement of width of Columbia at Cascades.—Return to Fort Dalles.—Start to return to Depot Camp.—Different 
route.—Rain at night.—Rumor of good pass to Willamette.—Larger hot spring near Wam-chuck River.—Indians and 
salmon in Mpto-ly-as Canon.—Paper on tree.—Junction with main party.—Lunar rainbow and halo .—Second Explora~ 
lion in Des Chutes Valley, and crossing of the Cascade Mountains. —Plan.—Party.—Preparations.—Division of party.—Start.— 
Trail disappears.—Difficulties.—Lovely view.-—Water by digging.—Bright moonlight.—Rain.—Surprise.—Immense 
Canon.—View.—Difficult descent.—Pedregal.—Travelling on foot.—Crater.—Return to river.—Examination of second 
Canon.-—Old Indian trail.—Precipice.-—Castle Rock.—Barometer broken.—Travelling down a Canon.—Des Chutes 
Canon.—Plateau.—Strange hill.—Canon gate.—Trap columns.—Mouth of Chit-tike Creek.—Indians.—Re-examination 
of Wam-chuck River Canon.—Junction with Mr. Coleman’s party.—Barometer repaired.—Dr. Newberry sick.—Tysch 
Creek again.—Indian war.—Disagreeable predicament.—Kok-kop.—Reports about pass.—Rainy night-.—Indian coun¬ 
cil.—New guide.—Return to Nee-nee springs.-—Start for Willamette Valley.—Wil-la-wit springs.—Indian signs.—Wan- 
nas-see Creek.—Fallen timber.-—Yaugh-pas-ses Meadow.—-“Kill the cart.”—Great difficulty from fallen timber.— 
New order of march.—Branch of Tysch Creek.—Wat-tum-pa Lake.—Oo-lal-le berries.—Delay.—Lu-ah-hum-lu-ah-hum 
prairie.-—Ty-ty-pa lake.—Game.-—Mount Hood.-—Rain.—Triangulation.—Horse abandoned.—Trail disappears.—Indian 
blazing.—Precipice.—High mountain.—Extended view.—Magnetic variation.—Very had trail.—View of the Willamette 
Valley.—Canon.—Disappointment.—Spring of water discovered.—Steep descent into another Caiion.—Lake and 
Indian “Stone House.”-—Difficult ascent.—Unpleasant information.—Water and grass reached.— Rain.—Anxiety.— 
Early start.—Execrable trail.—View of the Willamette Valley.-—Pedregal.—Fallen timber.—Camp without water or 
grass.-—Mide lost.—Settlement.—News about Indian war.—Mr. Currin.—Mule recovered by Sam.—Oregon City.—• 
Lieut. Williamson’s party.—News.—Loss of the escort; with correspondence upon the subject.—Extract from Oregon 
Statesman.-—Governor Curry .—Route from Vancouver to Fort Reading, west of the Cascade Mountains. —Start.—Salem.—Mr. 
Gordon.—Corvallis.—Eugene City.—Pass through Calapooya Mountains.—Winchester.—Indian war and volunteers.— 
Major Martin. —Caiionville.—Despatch from battle field.—Umpqua Canon.—Traces of Indian devastation.—Retreat.— 
Escort from Captain Smith.—Indian devastations.—Heroism of a woman.—Fort Lane.—Table Rock.—Valley of 
