CHAPTER I. 
General description of the regions examined. 
General Topography.—Sacramento Valley.—Pit River and its tributaries.-^-Plateau between Pit River and the Des Chutes 
Valley.—Des Chutes Valley.—Cascade Range in Oregon Territory.—Willamette Valley.—Calapooya Mountains.— 
Umpqua Valley.—Umpqua Mountains.—Rogue Eiver Valley.—Siskiyou Mountains.—Klamath River and its tribu¬ 
taries.—Shasta Butte and the Mountain Chains of Northern California. 
CHAPTER II. 
Railroad Report. 
General Summary.—Proposed Railroad Route from Benicia to Fort Reading.-—Proposed Railroad Route from Fort Reading to 
Vancouver, east of the Cascade Range.—Route from Camp 36, near the head of the Des Chutes Valley, to Fort Dalles.—- 
Route from the Des Chutes to the Willamette Valley by the New Fass near Mount Hood.—Proposed Railroad Route 
from Vancouver to Fort Reading, west of the Cascade Range. 
CHAPTER III. 
Narrative and Itinerary.—Route of the main command. 
Preparations.—Organization and Outfit of Party.—Suisun Valley.—Putos Creek.—Cache Creek.—Sacramento River.— 
Feather River.—Marysville.—Mirage.—Digger Indians.—Their Huts.—Their mode of Gambling.—Grizzly Bears.—Two 
Routes examined from Antelope Creek to Fort Reading.—Fort Reading.—Officers there.—The Escort.—Barometer left 
with Dr. Hammond.—Guide employed.—Start.—Disagreeable Camp.—McCumber’s Flat.—Noble’s Pass.—View from 
Summit.—Lost Creek.—Cold.—Indian signs.—Canoe Creek.—Pumice-stone.-—Pedregal of Trap Rock.—Accident to 
Chronometers.-—Difficult travelling.—-Precipice.—Prairie with springs.—Pit River Indians.—Their habits.—Their bows 
and arrows.—Indian Trail.—Large river gushing from the rocks.—Exploration by Lieut. Williamson.—Pit River.—Lieut. 
Sheridan.—Exploration of Lower Canon of Pit River.—Lieut. Hood's return.—Stoneman’s Ridge.—Route between the 
Canons.—Fire in Camp.—Upper Canon of Pit River.—Cart broken. -—Indians.-—Their mode of kindling a fire.-—Their 
love of tobacco.—Their Ornaments.—Lieut. Williamson’s notes on the Canon.—Grass Valley.—-Pits dug by Indians.— 
Exploration in advance by Lieut. Williamson.—Spring Branch.—Baked Antelope’s Head.—Sage Plain.—Wright Lake.— 
Rhett Lake.—Emigrant Road.—Lost River.—No Fuel.—Party from Treka.—Division of the party.—-Natural Bridge.— 
Rattlesnake under a blanket.—Upper Klamath Lake.—Indian signs.—Snakes.—Fire in Camp.-—Arrival of Lieutenant 
Williamson.-—Route near eastern shore of lake.—Bald Eagles.—Accident.—Klamath River.—Canon.—Fog.—Klamath 
Marsh.—Indians.—Their Ranchcrias.—Their Canoes.—Their Graves.—Grave of a Chief.—Piles of stones.—Intercourse 
with the Indians.—Their Horses.—Partial Vocabulary of their Language.—Crossing of Klamath River.—Divide between 
Klamath Marsh and Des Chutes River.—Water holes.—Pumice —Des Chutes River.—Two trails.—Trout.—Old wagon 
trail.—Difficulty in taking astronomical observations.—Sickness.—Division of Party.—Ice in Camp.—Ingenious method 
of repairing Chronometer.—Gold seekers from Umpqua Valley.—Orders from Lieut. Williamson.—Branch of Des Chutes 
River.—Rafting of stream.—Entrance of Great Canon.—Rapid.—Junction with Lieut. Williamson's party.—Rain.—Snow 
peaks in sight.—Why-chus Creek.—Camp near “ Forks of the Indian Trail.”—Berries.—Division of the party.—Sketch 
of subsequent operations. 
