36 
BOTANY. 
In the Cascade mountains P. contorta forms a large part of the forests in the lower valleys, 
where it is sometimes seen nearly as closely set and as slender as canes in a cane-brake. It is 
common on the lower slopes and rises, scattered and dwarfed, to about the altitude of 6,000 
feet; but its favorite station is evidently the moist valleys and plains. 
This tree approaches P. inops so closely that it. is perhaps doubtful if it should be separated 
from it. The cones and foliage are, to my eye, undistinguishable, and the cones are similarly 
persistent. The habit of the western tree is, however, somewhat unlike that of its eastern 
representative. It is never so spreading, and in some of the localities I have mentioned is 
more slender than any other pine with which I am acquainted. 
Pinus ponderosa. (Plate IY.) The western yellow pine. 
P. ponderosa, Dougl. Loud. Arboret, p. 2243 ,jigs. 2133 and 2134. 
P. bracuyptera, Engel. Pot. Wish. Exp., p. 5. 
P. Engelmanni Torrey. Pot. Whipple’s Pep., p. 141. 
P. Beardsleyi, Murray. Edenb. New Philos. Jour., 1855, p. 286. 
P. Benthamiana, Hartiveg. Jour. Eort. Soc. Pond., 4, Jig. 213. 
Fig. 12. Cone, scales and leaves of P. Ponderosa, natural size. 
