ZOOLOGY. 
37 
At Yreka a fine specimen was killed by a member of our party, and in the Klamath lake 
basin the Indians had large numbers of their skins, of which the squaws make their robes. We 
found it quite up to the Columbia, but on that river, and especially thence northward, it is 
mostly replaced by the larger species, Lynx fasciatus. 
LYNX FASCIATUS, Eaf. 
Red Cat. 
Lynx fasciatus, Rap. Am. Monthly Mag. II, 1817, 46. 
Baird, Gen. Rep. Mammals, 1857, 96. 
Sp. Ch.— Fur very soft and full. Ears pencilled. Color, rich chestnut brown on the hack, a little paler on the sides and 
on the throat. A dorsal darker hand and collar on throat, as dark as the sides. Region along central line of belly, (rather 
narrow one,) dull whitish, with dusky spots extending to lower part of sides. No spots or bands discernible on the upper 
part of sides. Ears black inside, with a very inconspicuous patch of greyish. Terminal third of tail above, black. 
In the region traversed by our party, south of the Columbia river, we hardly entered the 
range of this large lynx. We saw but a single individual, and that one was not killed. 
The banded lynx, like the Canada lynx, (A. canadensis ,) though a large and powerful 
animal, is cowardly, and has never been known to attack man. It is more boreal than the red 
lynx, and exists from the vicinity of the Columbia to a considerable distance beyond the British 
line. His subsistence is made up of all the smaller animals inhabiting the region where he is 
found, together with birds and fish when he can catch them. He is supposed by the hunters 
and Indians sometimes to kill the deer unaided, but this wants confirmation. 
CANIS OCCIDENT ALLS var. GUIISEO-ALBUS. 
Gray Wolf. 
Baird, General Report Mammals, 1857, 104. 
Though much less common than the “ coyote,” the large grey wolf is found in all the unin¬ 
habited parts of California and Oregon. Very few were seen by members of our party, none were 
killed, and we had everywhere evidence that this species is much less numerously represented 
on the Pacific coast than on the Upper Missouri. In the Cascade mountains we saw tracks of 
some of these wolves of most portentous size. All the large wolves seen by any of our party 
were grey, and all the skins which I saw in the possession of Indians or whites were also grey, 
and it is probable that the white and black varieties are never found in California. On the 
upper Columbia, in Oregon and Washington Territories, where the wolves are more numerous 
and the winters are colder, the same variations occur which are common on the upper Missouri. 
CANIS LATRANS, Say. 
Prairie Wolf: Coyote. 
Cants latrans, Baird, Gen. Rep. Mammals, 1857, 113. 
The prairie wolf is exceedingly common in all the open country of California and Oregon. 
In the wooded districts it is less abundant, but on almost every night of our march we were 
serenaded by its melancholy, wailing cry. 
The sage plains bordering the Klamath lakes and in the Des Chutes basin, surfaces for the 
most part destitute of trees and covered with clumps of artemisia, are inhabited by considerable 
numbers of rabbits and hares, particularly L. artemisin and L. campestris. These animals form 
some portion of the subsistence of the coyotes, which are there very numerous. While encamped 
