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brink of the cliff the base of a small tower and on a lower 
level one wall of a two-story house. At the base of the 
bluff and on the neighboring points are groups of almost 
shapeless piles of ruins--depressions surrounded by raised 
walls from two to five feet high. No evidence of hewn stone 
or well built walls. 
In returning to camp from this place I met Mr. Aldrich and 
Mr. Barber who had set out to visit the ruin of Astec Springs. 
Jackson and Mr. Aldrich had reached camp safely in the middle 
of the afternoon. I accompanied these gentlemen to the ruins 
five miles south of camp and at the head waters of Arroyo 
creek. These ruins form the grandest pile that I have yet seen. 
I estimated them to cover 480,000 square feet of ground to an 
avers.ge depth of 4 or 5 feet. They are located on a green spot 
some 1-1/2 or 2 miles from the base of Mesa Verde and are built 
of the sandstone of the Mesa, and of the vaculite, lime-sandstone 
which outcrops in different parts of the plain. There have been 
two main structures, the western one being probably the most 
important. The building has been rectangular in plan, the walls 
running pretty nearly with the points of the compass. They are 
still about 15 ft high and are fairly covered with an immense body 
of debris from the fallen parts. Originally the could not have 
been less than 30 or 40 feet high. The wall is double, being 
