free hand pressure shaping practiced by the California 
Indiana is described by Powerss 
!, lt was often a source of wonder to me how the 
do ieate arrow-heads used on war~arrows, with their long, 
thin points, could be made without breaking then to 
pieces* The Viard proceed in the following nan*,er ; Taking 
a piece of jasper, chert, obsidian, or common flint, which 
« 
breaks sharp~comered and with a concha!dal fracture, they 
heat it In the fire and then cool it slowly, which splits 
i 
it in flakes. The arrow-maker then V. kes a flake and 
gives It an a rouimate rough shape by striking it with 
♦ 
a kind of hammer. He then slips over his left hand a 
iece of buckskin, .vith a hole to fit over the thumb (this 
buckskin is to prevent the ha.dd from being wounded), and 
in his right hand he takes a pair of buck-horn pincers, 
tied together at the -point with a thong. Holding the 
piece of flint in his left hand he breaks off from the 
