cut adjoining the first, and. then a third, and so on, 
pretty much as the housewife cuts up the thin layer 
of dough in biscuit making* 
In cases where the floor and walls of a well- 
developed quarry are fully exposed, as in the Clifton 
and Amelia county quarries in Virginia, the details of 
ancient operations are clearly displayed. In cases 
it is seen that the task of cutting out the mass was 
just begun when oprations in the quarry closed, while 
in others it was well under way and the bulbous nuclei 
stand out in bold relief. In cases where undercutting 
has taken place the rounded form resembles a mushroom 
on its stem and is ready to be removed by a blow; 
while in many other cases we see only roundish 
depressions in the quarry surface, in the bottoms of 
which are stumps or scars indicating that removal of 
the mass had taken place. It often happened that the 
