258 
BOTANICAL INTRODUCTION. 
cal test, and is obtained from the white lichen called orchal or 
anchil. Nor should we forget the mushrooms, which present 
numerous varieties, all held in much esteem. 
We will now give a very brief account of the different 
orders into which these classes are divided, but the student in 
Botany, must consult a larger manual to gain an accurate 
knowledge of these subdivisions. The arrangement of the 
orders in the first twelve classes depend chiefly upon the num¬ 
ber of pistils. 
I. MONANDRIA. Two Orders, viz:— 
Monogynia, one pistil. 
Digynia, two pistils. 
For examples of the first order, we find the hippuris, a water-plant, 
and ginger ; for an example of the second, blitum, an American plant. 
II. DIANDRIA Three Orders, viz :— 
Monogynia, one pistil; lilac, olive, salvia or sage. 
Digynia, two pistils ; sweet vernal grass, catalpa-tree. 
Trigynia, three pistils; black pepper. 
III. TRIANDRIA. Two Orders, viz:— 
Monogynia, one pistil; fleur-de-lis, blue flag. 
Digynia, two pistils; grasses, rye, oats. 
IV. TETRANDRIA. Two Orders, viz 
Monogynia, one pistil; plantain, dogwood-tree. 
Tetragynia, four pistils; ilex or holly. 
V. PENTANDRIA. Six Orders, viz:— 
Monogynia, one pistil; mouse-ear, forget-me-not. 
Digynia, two pistils; fringed gentian, parsley. 
Trigynia, three pistils; snow-ball, elder. 
Tetragynia, four pistils ; grass of Parnassus. 
Pentagynia, five pistils, flax. 
Polygynia, thirteen pistils: yellow root or zanthorhiza. 
VI. HEXANDRIA. Three Orders, viz :— 
Monogynia, one pistil ; tulip, lily, aloes, fan-palm. 
Digynia, two pistils; rice. 
Trigynia, three pistils ; dock, sorrel. 
VII. IIEPTANDRIA. Three Orders, viz :— 
Monogynia, one pistil; horsechestnut. 
Tetragynia, four pistils; saurudus or lizard’s tail. 
Heptagynia, seven pistils; septas, a native of Good Hope. 
