FALCONER ON THE AMERICAN FOSSIL ELEPHANT. 
58 
and E. meridionalis. The eighth ridge shows these annular discs 
semi-confluent into a transverse depression. The ninth presents five 
worn digitations; the tenth and eleventh six, and the twelfth five. 
There is no mark of pressure behind, proving the tooth to be the last 
of the molar series. The space occupied jointly by the first six dis¬ 
tinct transverse discs, amounts to 5.4 inches, giving an average of 
nine-tenths of an inch to each ridge. This is considerably greater 
than that shown by the crown of the Georgian molar, but it is to be 
borne in mind that the difference is accounted for by the teeth being- 
in different stages of wear. 
The principal dimensions are: 
Extreme length of crown 
12.5 
inch. 
Width of ditto at first transverse disc 
3.0 
33 
Ditto at fifth ditto .... 
3.7 
33 
Ditto at eighth ditto .... 
3.8 
33 
Ditto at ninth ditto .... 
3.1 
33 
Height of crown at ninth ditto where highest 
Space in length occupied by the six anterior 
5.4 
• yy 
distinct discs of wear 
5.4 
33 
Making allowance for the part of the tooth borne upon the an¬ 
terior fangs, which has been worn away, the entire molar must have 
been of very large size; and it indicates a species that attained 
colossal dimensions. 
Other illustrations of E. Columli, are furnished by a collection of 
fossil bones, part of which was purchased for the British Museum in 
1847. They are stated to have been found by Mr. W. Huff on the 
banks of the Brazos Biver, near San Eelipe de Austin in Texas. 
One of the specimens, a fine Bovine skull, (Bison latifrons , Leidy), 
is identifiable with a figure given by Hr. W. M. Carpenter, of Hew 
Orleans, who published the first account of these remains. Among 
them were numerous fragments of bones, said to have been of Ele¬ 
phant and Mastodon; the teeth of Elephants, especially, predomi¬ 
nating. A proboscidian tusk measured eleven feet in length, and 
twenty-six inches in girth at the base; but no details are given 
regarding the molars of ElephasA In the series, belonging to the 
National Collection, reputed to be of this origin, (Nos. 20,701-5 
MSS. Register) is a superb specimen (No. 20,702) of a last molar of 
the lower jaw right side, comprising the posterior three-fourths of 
the crown in fine preservation, the anterior part having been lost by 
a vertical fracture. Eifteen ridges are presented together with a 
talon-ridge. Of these, thirteen are more or less worn, the seven 
anterior into continuous transverse discs, which, measured along the 
surface of the crown, occupy a length of 4.6 inch. The two next (8th 
and 9th), are divided towards the outer side by a wide fissure into 
two unequal flattened elliptical discs ; the 10th yields three discs, 
the 11th four, and the 12th five thick annular depressions. The 
rest are nearly intact, and present from four to five very thick digi- 
* Silliman’s Journal, 1846, 2nd Series, Vol. I. p. 245. 
