FALCONER ON THE AMERICAN FOSSIL ELEPHANT. 57 
To my apprehension, they do not indicate succulent matters (i. e. in 
the botanical sense of the word) to have been the staple food of the 
species, as conjectured by Messrs. Owen and Blake, nor anything less 
ligneous than the aliment of the Indian Elephant. The grounds of 
this opinion will appear fully in the sequel, in discussing the general 
bearings of the question with reference to the food of other fossil 
Elephants. 
Of the cranium and other bones of the skeleton, nothing is at 
present known, although it is probable that abundant remains exist 
in the North American and Mexican collections. Silliman’s Journal 
for 1838 contains an account of some elephant-bones, discovered in 
Jackson County, Ohio. # Among these was a lower jaw, of which a 
rude sketch is given, along with that of E. primigenius. The rami 
are represented as converging to a pointed chin, and a very contracted 
symphysial gutter; totally different from the broad rounded chin, 
and wide gutter which are constant in E. primigenius. In both 
respects, the figure agrees more with the mandibular form presented 
by E. Indicus, and E. antiquus. The bowed Mexican molar, above 
described, would suggest that the mandibule of E. Columbi was of a 
similar form. But the figure of the Elephant of Jackson County is 
too imperfect to be reliable for more than a conjecture. The figure, 
in the same plate, of a detached molar, represents a crown, resemb¬ 
ling that of the Mammoth. The anonymous author of the communi¬ 
cation provisionally names the form E. JacJcsoni, but that this means 
nothing more than to serve the occasion, is implied by the fact that 
he names the existing species, compared with it, as E. recens, i.e. the 
Indian Elephant. 
The 4 Huff Collection ’ from Texas, in the British Museum, 
includes (No. 20,705) a right ramus of the lower jaw, which presents 
the outer shell of the bone entire, from the posterior edge of the 
ascending ramus, to the symphysis; but the inner side broken off 
vertically along the middle of the alveolus, the whole of the inner 
wall of which is removed, together with the molar contained in it, 
and the beak of the mentum is broken off. Being so mutilated, it is 
impossible to say to what species it belonged. But the diastemal 
edge of the symphysis slopes gently forwards, and with much less 
vertical abruptness than is characteristic of the mandibule of E. pri¬ 
migenius. It is therefore not unlikely that the specimen belongs to 
E. Columbi. 
Apartfrom the very numerous instances, recorded in the American 
Journals, of the occurrence of Elephant-remains in most of the United 
States, and commonly attributed to the Mammoth, there are two 
cases bearing upon E. Columbi which require special notice. 
The first from the same reputed Texan series, in the National 
Collection, is an enormous fragment of a cranium, composed of the 
* Silliman’s American Journ. 1838, vol. xxxiv. p. 347, et seq . “ On Mather’s 
Report on the Geological Survey of Ohio.” 
