74 
ORIGINAL ARTICLES. 
courteously offered his services, proceeded at my request to the loca-* 
lity, to make further explorations. The remains indicated that the 
skeleton of the animal had lain in the cliff of a ravine, about twenty- 
five feet in height, the section consisting of alternate beds of clay and 
fluviatile sand, the latter charged with fragments of Dreissena. The 
bones were in a very friable condition, and the skull crushed and 
decomposed; but Major G-arden was able to exhume some portions 
of tusks six-and-a-half inches in diameter, which in desiccation 
crumbled to pieces. The specimens presented by Colonel Giels to the 
national collection, consist of two last upper molars in fine preserva¬ 
tion, and a portion of a lower, all apparently of the same individual. 
These molars strike a practised eye, at the first glance, as presenting 
something intermediate between the Mammoth and the existing 
Indian Elephant. The case is of so much interest, that I shall venture 
on some of the details. The left upper molar (m. 3, being No. 
32,250 Museum Legist. Palseont. Gallery) is entire from behind the 
large front fang, the portion borne upon which had been ground down 
by protracted wear. # The anterior part of the crown to the extent 
of 2.7 inches is also worn out, presenting merely a smooth surface of 
ivory, behind which there are seventeen ridges and a posterior talon. 
Of these, fifteen are more or less worn. The anterior nine form 
transverse narrow discs; the next six are divided nearly equally by 
two rather wide longitudinal channels into three divisions, consisting 
each of a flattened elliptical disc. The transverse discs, in their 
general character, bear a close resemblance to those of the Indian 
Elephant, the enamel-plates being rather thick, with very pronounced 
close-set crimping in the middle, but diminishing towards the 
cornua. These discs are narrower than is commonly seen in the 
existing species, less open and less parallel across. The crown is 
broad, and the enamel plates are high. To render these descriptive 
details more appreciable and available for comparison, I append the 
principal dimensions:—- 
Extreme length of crown . . . . 11.75 
Length of crown surface in use (partly worn out) 9.5 
Space occupied by the anterior ten discs measured 
at top of crown . . . ,5.7 
Ditto ditto, at base of crown . . .6.1 
Width of crown at 3rd ridge (greatest) . . 4.1 
Ditto at 11th ditto . . . 3.7 
Height of crown at 12th ridge . . . 7.1 
These Khanoos molars are intermediate in character, between the 
Mammoth and the Indian Elephant, but more nearly allied to the 
latter. The specimens are in a perfectly fossilized condition, the 
ivory being infiltrated of a salmon colour, with dark mottled patches, 
like those which accompany dendritic crystallizations, and they are 
strongly adherent to the tongue. That they are true fossils is con- 
* PI. II. fig. 2, shows the crown-view of the tooth. 
