114 
ORIGINAL ARTICLES. 
wood, characterised by the distinctive porous cells A In like manner, 
four cases have been described in North America, where the con¬ 
tents of the stomach and intestines of Mastodon Ohioticus appear to 
have been preserved along with the skeletons; and the facts re¬ 
corded by different observers, are so much in accordance, as to leave 
little room for doubt on the subject.f Broken pieces of branches, 
varying from slender twigs to boughs half an inch in diameter, and 
about two inches long, were found mixed up with more finely 
divided vegetable matter, like comminuted leaves, in one case to the 
amount of from four to six bushels. "We have the authority of 
Grceppert for the fact, that twigs of the existing Coniferous Thuia 
occidentalism were identified in the stomach of the New Jersey Mas¬ 
todon ; and of Professor Asa Cray, and Dr. Carpenter, both eminent 
microscopical observers, that the stomach of the Newburgh Mastodon, 
contained fragments of the boughs of “ some coniferous tree or 
shrub, and probably some kind of spruce or fir (Gray) ; and also, 
fragments of a quite different kind of wood (not coniferous), which 
from its decomposed and carbonaceous state was not determinable 
(Carpenter).” But these observations do not, in the slightest degree, 
advance our knowledge as to the probable food of the Mammoth; 
residuary bits of stick, half an inch in diameter, are reconcilable 
with the masticatory operation of the rude open valleys and Trilo- 
jphodon ridges of the molars of the American Mastodon ; but in the 
highest degree improbable as a result of the multiplex divisions of 
the flat molar crown of the Mammoth. AVe must be content to 
remain in the dark on this question, until the same kind of obser¬ 
vation is applied to the contents of the stomach of the latter in 
Siberia, J as has been so successfully effected with the allied genus in 
North America. 
EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. 
Pl. I.—Section of the middle portion of an adult lower molar, of Elephas 
Colwribi , from the post-pliocene deposit of the Brunswick Canal, near Darien, in 
Georgia, (p. 52) : shewing the disposition and relative proportions of the ivory, 
enamel, and cement, as compared with corresponding sections of E. Ind/icus, and 
E. primigenius, contained in the Fauna Antiqua Sivalensis, PI. 1. (Nat. size). 
Pn. II Fig. 1.—Represents the crown-aspect of an anti-penultimate true molar, 
of the lower jaw, left side, (m. 1.) of E. Columbi, No. 741a Mus. Coll, of Surg. 
(antea, p. 50); the eight anterior ridges are worn, the rest being intact. From 
Mexico. (Nat. size.) 
Pl. II. Fig. 2.—Represents the crown-aspect of the last true molar, (m. 3) upper 
jaw, left side, of E Armeniacus, from a specimen in the British Museum, No. 32,250, 
procured by Col. Giels, in the province of Erzeroum, in Armenia. (Antea, p. 74.) 
(Nat. size.) 
* Leonhard and Bronn’s ‘ Jahrbuch,’ 1846, p. 378; and Bronn’s Letheea 
Geognost. band. iii. p. 855. 
t Warren. ‘ Mastodon Giganteus,’ p. 166. 
X In the researches upon the latest discovered Mammoths in Siberia, of which 
the details have been published, the remains of the brain, muscles, tendons, and 
periosteum have been microscopically examined, but not the contents of the stomach. 
Vide Gleboff, Bullet. Societ. Imper. de Moscou, 1846, xix. 2, p. 108, et seq. 
