266 
ORIGINAL ARTICLES. 
beds, with Dicynodont and Labyrinthodont remains; # and in 
Pennsylvania, with reptilian remains^ Estheria abounds.” In North 
America, indeed, the evidence seems to point to a contemporaneity 
of the coal- and plant-beds of Carolina and Virginia, the shales and 
sandstones of Pennsylvania and New Jersey, the foot-marked sand¬ 
stones of Connecticut, and the Upper Bed Sandstone of Nova Scotia 
and Prince Edward’s Island, which is also reptiliferous;} and it is 
evident that in the Virginian and Pennsylvanian shales the minute 
crustaceans under notice are important fossils. The fossil plants of 
Nagpur and Bengal and of Virginia and the Carolinas having a 
Jurassic facies, much like those of the Venetian Alps and Scar¬ 
borough, it will be interesting, as further evidences turn up, to see 
how far we are to regard the Triassic or the Jurassic element as 
preponderating, or whether a passage-group of deposits (“ Bhsetic”) 
are indicated by the evidence ; or, lastly, whether these Plant-beds 
with Beptiles and Crustaceans indicate the terrestrial and lacustrine 
conditions only of the early Mesozoic (Triassic) period. 
The Jurassic-like flora of Australia§ and that of southern Africa 
have not hitherto afforded any clear traces of JEstheria. The latter 
country, however, has its probably Triassic reptiles, the Dicynodon 
and its many associates, embedded with its flora ;|| so that the pecu¬ 
liar association above indicated for India and North America obtains 
there also. 
In pointing out these facts in the geological and geographical 
distribution of the fossil Estherice , I merely touch upon the salient 
points of an interesting subject of research, for the elucidation of 
which careful inquiry at home and abroad is still requisite. 
The known living species of JEstheria are — 
Estheria gigas, Hermann , sp. Baird, 
Proc. Zool. Soc, 1849, p. 87, 
(= Cyzicus Bravaisii, Auclouin, 
Annal. Soc. Entom. vi. Bullet, 
p, ix. 1837 ; Isaura cycladoides, 
Joly, Annal. Science Nat. 2 ser. 
1842, xvii. p. 293. pi. 7, 8, and 9 
A (figs. 1—45) ; Estheria eycla- 
doides, Lucas, Explor. Scientif. 
Algerie, Crustaces, 81, 1845.) 
Freshwater pools, Strasburg (Hermann); 
brackish marsh, Arzeu, near Oran, 
Africa (Bravais); ditch filled with 
rain-water (in June), Toulouse (Joly); 
Tunis (Frazer) ; Algeria (Lucas). 
* Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xvii. p. 362; and Mem. Geol. Surv. India, vol. 
iii. part 1, p. 1. 
f Lea on Clepsysaurus Pennsylvanicus, Journ. Acad. N. Sc. Philad n. s. vol. 
ii. p. 185; and on Ceniemodon sulcatus , Proc. Acad. N. Sc. Philad. n. s. vol. ii. p. 
377. 
f Leidy on Bathygnathus borealis , Journ. Acad. N. Sc. Philad. n. s. vol. ii. 
p. 327. 
§ See M‘Coy’s paper, Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., vol. xx, p. 145, &c.; and 
the Lev. W. B. Clarke’s, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. xvii. p. 354. Labyrintho¬ 
dont reptiles have not been wanting in Australia; see Professor Huxley’s description 
of Bothriceps Australis, Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., Vol. xv. p. 647. 
1| Glossopteris, &c. ; Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc., vol. xvii. p. 329. 
