CARPENTER ON THE STUDY OF THE FORAMINIFERA. 343 
The affinities of Fusulina are still uncertain, but supposing it 
removed from its present place among the Nummulimda, it might 
then be said that this family first appears in the cretaceous formations, 
suddenly undergoes a high development in the tertiaries, and in 
existing seas shows itself on a less conspicuous scale. While the recent 
genus Cymbalopora , though found also among the fossils of the chalk, 
has not yet been detected in tertiary deposits. The Miliolida appear 
to be absent from Paleozoic rocks. Two genera of calcareous Forami- 
nifera, together with the family of Gromida are wholly recent. The 
remaining families Globigerinida , Lagenida , and Lituolida , appear 
to have flourished in all seas, from those of the lower Palaeozoic to the 
present day. 
The remarkable continuity in time between the leading types of 
Foraminifera, with the general conclusions deducible from this and 
other great facts in their geological history, having, on a former occa¬ 
sion* been laid before us by Dr. Carpenter himself, it is not neces¬ 
sary that we should once more repeat them. 
And so we bring to a close our notice of this Monograph, thank¬ 
ing the author for its contents, and the Index which we hope to use 
in again referring to them. In the companion Monographs of Pro¬ 
fessors Allman and Huxley, we have felt more than once the loss of 
an Alphabetical Index and Table of Contents. 
The twenty-two lithographic illustrations at the end of the 
volume have been very carefully executed by Mr. Greorge West. 
Most of the drawings which these plates contain represent Dr. Car¬ 
penter’s original sections and preparations. With a view, however, 
to give completeness to his work, he has added some figures of im¬ 
portance from the writings of Schultze, Muller, Ehrenberg, and 
others. Woodcuts, also, are scattered through the text. 
A word, in conclusion, for the Pay Society. As one of the sub¬ 
scribers to that body (with which in no other way is he connected) 
the writer of the present notice thinks it but just to state, that in 
Dr. Carpenter’s Monograph he has received a full return for his 
subscription. Comparing it with Schultze’s well-known essay on the 
Polythalamia, a work very closely resembling it in scope, he finds in 
the English monograph 320 pages and 22 plates, in the Herman 
68 pages and 7 plates. Schultze’s work has been published, by the 
enterprising house of Engelmann, at 8 thalers (24 shillings), while 
Dr. Carpenter’s has cost the members of the Pay Society only one 
guinea. This is certainly a most satisfactory result. Surely then 
it is for all to aid the Council of the Pay Society. In hope we sit 
and wait for their two forth-coming volumes, which, after unavoid¬ 
able delays, will soon appear, and crown with well-deserved success 
their energetic management. 
* See Natural Histpry Review, April, 1861, pp. 196—201. 
