REGENSBURG FLORA. 
513 
tion of a catalogue of the Mosses of New Granada by Ilampe, and a 
short paper by Lindberg, upon the presence of athereal oils in some 
liverworts, the papers on Cryptogamic Botany are confined entirely to 
the Lichens.* The nature of the first of these papers, “Summa 
lichenum coniocarporum,” by Trevisan, is shown by its title, and for 
the details of it we must refer our readers to the paper itself. Some 
others have only a local interest and do not require any special notice, 
but the occurrence of Bicasolia Wrighbii Tuck., a Japan species, in the 
Bavarian Alps, near Berchtesgaden, is worth mentioning as a fact in 
botanical geography. It is possible the plant may be met with in 
other parts of Europe, but it cannot be common, as the thallus being 
a foot in diameter, it is impossible that it can be overlooked, although 
it may have been confounded with Bicasolia herbacea. 
Into the personal controversy between Ny lander and Tries, and 
between the former and Stizenberger, we have no inclination to enter, 
and regret that in their present style they should be allowed to 
carry it on in the pages of the Elora. Dr. Nylander’s other papers, 
however, will be read with interest. 
The one entitled— 
“ Qusenam sunt in Lichenibus sporse maturse,” (which should beread 
in connexion with a subsequent one, “ Circa variabilitatem sporarum 
in Lichenibus notula,”) is a complaint against the writers of the Mas- 
salongian School, for speaking of mature and immature spores. Dr. 
Nylander contends that it is impossible, for descriptive purposes, to 
draw any definite line between mature and immature spores, matu¬ 
rity being a status to be tested only by capacity for germination. Tie 
states, that the only determinate stage of evolution of the spores, is 
when emerging from the state of protoplasm they become free with¬ 
in the asci. He says, “ Sporas juveniles vel plus magis evolutas 
“ dico, secundum evolutionis gradum quern prsebent vel secundum 
“setates earum diversas, nunquam autem de sporis maturis vel im- 
“ maturis loquor.” In strictness, Dr. Nylander is perhaps correct, 
although the Massalongians would doubtless retort that whether 
spores are spoken of as “ immaturse,” or “ mat urge,” or as “ juve¬ 
niles,” or “ magis evolutas,” is little more than a verbal dispute. With 
regard to the words “ sporoblastse” and “ sporidiola,” we agree with 
Dr. Nylander in considering them unfortunate terms, but although 
he is probably right in regarding these organisms as mere oil-drops, 
we think they are more constant, and of more systematic value than 
he seems disposed to admit. 
In the “ De momento characters spermogoniorum notula,” Dr. 
Nylander calls attention to the importance of examining the sper- 
mogonia, instancing an error into which he had himself fallen, in 
uniting the species Physcia adglutinata Elk. with Physcia obscura 
* We should mention, however, that the volume contains reviews by Dr. 
De Bary, of the recent works on the Myxomycetes, and on the investigations of 
M. Pasteur. 
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