76 BRITISH FOSSIL ELEPHANTS. 
the Mammoth on account of the chin being narrower, whilst the teeth resembled the 
crown of the latter. 
As far as the indifferent representations of these teeth will permit me to judge, the 
molars and mandibles seem indistinguishable from the same parts of the Mammoth, the 
symphysial junction of whose rami, as will appear in the subsequent woodcuts, is not always 
of the truncated and rounded character usually distinctive of the typical lower jaw. The 
thin parallel plates also consort with crowns of that species. The same might be said of 
three rudely executed representations of mandibles and molars under the name of 
E. Jacksoni} 
The distribution, therefore, of the Mammoth in North America, as defined by Marsh 
and Leidy, is quite opposed to that indicated by the reputed remains from the United 
States in European collections, and I must admit, without prejudice to either view, that 
although the specimens I have examined bear striking resemblances in external colora¬ 
tion to Mastodon remains from the swamps of Ohio, they likewise resemble, in that 
respect, specimens from the frozen soil of the Arctic regions, and still more so in their 
closely packed and attenuated ridges. I must leave the subject, therefore, of the North 
American distribution of the Mammoth for further confirmation. A Monograph on the 
fossil Elephants of North America, compiled from specimens in museums and private 
collections, is, indeed, a desideratum which, it is hoped, the able and indefatigable 
palaeontologists of the New World will not defer much longer. 
Associated Mammals. 
Reference has been made in my Monograph on E. antiquus to the British localities where 
remains of the Mammoth have been associated with the latter species ; 1 2 the only difficulty 
at present is the contemporaneity of the Mammoth with E. meridionalis. I am not aware 
of one instance of the relics of these two Elephants having been found together on the 
Continent of Europe or elsewhere, whilst their so-called contemporaneity, as far as the 
British Islands are concerned, requires apparently further confirmation. The Mammoth 
has been found associated with nearly all the British Post-tertiary and many of the 
Recent Mammals. 3 It survived up to the Stone Age in England and on the Continent 
of Europe. 4 
1 SiUiman’s ‘American Journal,’ vol. xxxiv, p, 363. 
2 Page 6. 
3 Dawkins, ‘ Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. London,’ vol. xxv, p. 194. 
4 Dawkins, ‘ Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc.,’ vol. xxxiii, p. 590. The famous etching on the fragment of a 
tusk in the care of La Madelaine in the Dordogne (see Reliquiae Aquitanicce , also British Bone Caverns, &c.). 
U IIHUMIM 
