ELEPHAS PRIMIGENIUS.—TRUE MOLARS. 
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which are said to have been discovered in the same deposits by the Rev. R. Macdonald. 
An entire lower last molar of the left ramus, No. 44,060, holds a? 20 a? in 9 X 3f, and eight 
ridges in a space of 5 inches. The tooth, as usual in Arctic specimens, has very thin 
enamel, but the cement is in great excess. There is very faint crimping of the thread¬ 
like machserides of the former. A fragment of a nearly worn-out crown of a true molar 
of another individual shows a similar condition of its constituents, whilst the astragal has 
the projecting posterior and inner angle of the species, and represents a rather small indi¬ 
vidual. Some of the bones appear to have been gnawed. Mr. Davies had carefully 
compared the remains of the Bison with the European fossil species, and was unable 
to make out differences. Similar remains of the latter species are contained in Ivellet’s 
collections, in the British Museum, from Kotzebue Sound, and also from Eschscholtz 
Bay, where Mammoth remains are plentiful. 
The presence of a? 21 a? in lower ultimate molars is demonstrated by a rolled specimen 
from Siberia, in the British Museum. It is 11x2 inches in width and is somewhat 
arcuated. The enamel is thin, with slight crimping and rather an excess of cement, 
eight ridges being contained in 3 J inches. This tooth, although much attrited by rolling 
possibly in the bed of some mountain torrent, is altogether remarkably narrow for that 
of a Mammoth. 
Dr. Bree’s collection contains a dredged specimen, from the East Coast, of an 
ultimate molar, which holds x 22 x in 9J X 2 J inches. 
No. 40,699, B. M., a crown view of which is shown in Plate XIY, fig. 3, is one 
of the “ waifs and strays ” either cast ashore by the waves or fished up by the troll 
net. It is remarkable for its rather thick enamel, and the plates are much digitated, 
and the crown considerably arcuated. It holds x 22 x in 11 Jx 2*8 inches, and contains 
eight ridges in 4A inches. It is recorded in the Catalogue as having been “ dredged off 
Cromer Forest bed.” 
A tooth from the Dogger Bank holds x 22 x in 8JX2-6 inches and contains eight 
in 3T inches. It is remarkable for its small size, and is therefore exceptional as com¬ 
pared with the other ultimate molars from the above-mentioned shoal; even a molar 
which has evidently lost only its anterior talon holds 22 x in 11 ' X inches, and con¬ 
tains eight in 3 - 6 inches. In both the enamel is thin. 
The Dogger Bank Collection furnishes two specimens of lower molars with a ridge 
formula of x 23 x each. One is 13x3 inches and contains eight in 4'4 inches. The 
plates are rather thick for the size of the tooth, which is 4} inches longer than the 
first mentioned. There is, as usual in Dogger-Bank teeth, no crimping of the machserides. 
The crown is arcuated. The other tooth is Ilf X3 inches and contains S ridges in 3*9 
inches. Here the enamel is thin, as usual in its companion molars from the above 
situation. The crown is much arcuated. 
In the collection of Dr. Bree, I noticed a molar holding x 23 x, recorded to have been 
dredged off Dunkirk. It was 9 inches in length and 11 thin- plated.” 
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