ELEPHAS MERIDIONALIS.—TRUE MOLARS. 
197 
In its narrow crown it presents, even although a lower tooth, an exceptional character, 
compared with the usual molars of Z7. meridionalis; indeed, but for the absence of pro¬ 
nounced crimping of the enamel, it might stand for a thick-plated tooth of E. antiquus of 
the C variety, referred to at p. 33. But then for the last of the series it stands apart 
from that species on account of its low ridge formula. 
Another magnificent molar, presented likewise by Miss A. Gurney, is No. 23 of the 
Norwich Collection. It is from the same locality, and is a left lower, with apparently the 
loss of only the posterior talon. It holds x 13 in 14 inches by 4 in maximum breadth, 
and has five plates in 4f inches. Seven of the anterior plates are invaded. 
This molar is quite typical of the broad, uncrimped crown, and channelled enamel 
of E. meridionalis, described by Falconer. 
No 21, Norwich Museum, from Bacton, in Miss A. Gurney’s Collection, is like No. 
12, just referred to, in having a narrow crown. It is also of the lower jaw, right side, and 
valuable as an aberrant form of tooth. The fangs have coalesced into a keel along the 
lower surface. The anterior fangs are broken off close to the base. All the ridges, 1, 11 x, 
are in full wear excepting the last plate and posterior talon, and the general contour of 
detrited surface is convave. Apparently not more than one and a half ridges have dis¬ 
appeared through wear, so that the formula may have been originally x 1 3 x, like the 
above, in 11^X3^ inches in breadth. The tooth holds five ridges in 5J inches, and has 
a projecting heel. The same remarks are applicable to this as to the preceding molar. 
No. 24 of the Gurney Collection is also from Bacton. It is a fragment, however, 
showing x 7 in 6J X 3-| and five in 4J inches. The tooth has been rolled. It is typical 
of E. meridionalis. 
A narrow crown of the type of Nos. 12 and 21, and also in the Norwich Museum, is 
shown in the fragment of a left lower molar, holding 10 x in 8^X3, and five ridges 
in 4 - 5 inches. 
There is a loss of several ridges in front, but eight are in full state of wear, and three 
with their tips entire. The crimping of the outer borders of enamel is pronounced, and 
the cement is in excess. A narrow crown seems to have constituted a variety in the 
dentition of E. meridionalis as in E. antiquus and rarely in E. jprimigenius} 
A typical fragment of E. meridionalis , holding 8J plates in 10 X 3^ inches, is repre¬ 
sented by No. 317 of the Gunn Collection. It is a left lower tooth. 
Another typical instance is No. 222 of the Gunn Collection, marked by Gunn ‘‘from 
the soil of the Forest Bed, Mundesley.” It is encrusted with debris, and the discs are 
obscured by the hard ferruginous cement; nevertheless, it is a fine fragment, and shows 
fourteen ridges in 12 X 3^ inches. The same may be said of No. 308 of the same gentle- 
1 Mr. Gunn lately directed my attention to a remarkably long narrow molar of E. primigenius said 
to have come from the Norfolk Coast deposits. The tooth (Plate XXYI, fig. I) is a second true molar, 
lower jaw, left side, holding x 16 x in 81 inches. The discs display all the ridges in wear excepting the 
posterior talon. The enamel is thin, but the remarkable narrowness of the tooth is noteworthy, being 
only 2j inches broad in front, 2\ in the middle, and 21 posteriorly. 
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