TREES AS GOOD CITIZENS 
5 ° 
country is much used as a shade tree. It is especially 
useful on the black soil just east of the dry farming sections 
of the country, where the rainfall is too meager for the 
Red Oak and Pin Oak to be at their best. In the autumn, 
the leaves turn a dull red or maroon. The tree thrives in 
deep, rich soil. 
American (or White) Elm. —This tree stands forth 
as the dean of shade bearers and city beautifiers for 
New England, New York and the Great Lakes region. 
To have seen the stately 
dignity and towering grace 
of the Elms of New Haven, 
Cambridge, Oberlinor Evan¬ 
ston is to have seen Ameri¬ 
can shade trees at their best. 
For wide streets and broad 
avenues it has no superior. 
With its high-arching crown, 
its gracefully drooping foli¬ 
age of brilliant green, the 
American Elm affords a summer picture not offered by 
any other variety of tree; while the leafless crown is sil¬ 
houetted against the background of winter sky with an 
artistry by which poet and painter are at once inspired 
and baffled. Whether alone or in company, the Elm is 
of commanding beauty. The solitary tree of this species 
carries the perfect message of the reigning monarch, while 
the broad avenue, enclosed in a double row of the trees 
offers an arching vista finely expressive of the thought 
that “The groves were God’s first temples.” Where its 
serious enemies can be controlled, it can be used to advan¬ 
tage. It is particularly susceptible to the elm leaf beetle 
and the tussock moth. If it can be watered when young, 
it does well in many parts of the dry Western country. 
