REPAIR OF SHADE TREES 
i59 
For applying the bolt, bore a hole through the center 
of the trunk, using a bit a half inch or larger in size. The 
larger the tree the larger the bolt required. At each end 
of the hole affix an iron washer about three times the diam¬ 
eter of the hole. These washers are affixed by cutting 
away some of the outer bark and wood and sinking them 
into the depres¬ 
sions thus made 
at right angles 
to the bolt. 
Into the hole „. . 
. Method of attaching eyebolt and stranded wire. 
insert a bolt 
which fits snugly, and of a length which will cause it to 
project from a quarter to half an inch at each side. When 
the bolt is in place, a nut should be placed on each end 
and these should be screwed up until they are tightly 
against the washers. Before the bolt is inserted, tar or 
creosote, preceded by shellac on cambium layer, should 
be applied to all exposed places, including those cut for 
the accommodation of the washers. The hole itself should 
also be tarred or creosoted. To complete the work, the 
exposed parts of the bolt and nuts should be water-proofed. 
Two limbs sometimes split apart where they divide, as 
a result of the force of wind-pressure. To check a split of 
this nature as soon as possible is important. The process 
is called guying. In this work the split is bolted in a man¬ 
ner similar to that used for bracing split trunks. 
For guying close to a crotch—within 18 to 24 inches 
a single bolt extending through both limbs may be used. 
In applying a brace further from a crotch, flexibility for 
the swaying of the limbs in the wind may be obtained by 
using a chain or cable attached to bolts instead of a single 
bolt. In this method a bolt is put through each limb 
with a ring or hook on its inner end, and to these there 
