DISCOVERED AT KIRKDALE, IN YORKSHIRE. 
7 
it, it is not certain whether it was composed of diluvial gravel and 
rolled pebbles, or was simply the debris that had fallen from the 
softer portions of the strata that lay above it; the workmen, however, 
who removed it, and some gentlemen who saw it, assured me, that it 
was composed of gravel and sand. In the interior of the cave I could 
not find a single rolled pebble, nor have I seen in all the collections 
that have been taken from it one bone, or fragment of bone, that 
bears the slightest mark of having been rolled by the action of water. 
A few bits of limestone and roundish concretions of chert that had 
fallen from the roof and sides, and which might be mistaken for rolled 
pebbles, were the only rocky fragments that I could find, with the 
exception of broken pieces of stalactite. 
The original entrance of the cave is said to have been very small, 
and having been filled up as above described, there could have been 
no admission of external air through it to the interior of the cavern. 
Nearly 30 feet of its outer extremity have now been removed, 
and the present entrance is a hole in the perpendicular face of the 
quarry about three feet high and five feet broad, which it is only 
possible for a man to enter on his hands and knees, and which ex¬ 
pands and contracts itself irregularly from two to seven feet in breadth 
and two to fourteen feet in height, diminishing however as it pro¬ 
ceeds into the interior of the hill. The cave is about 20 feet below 
the incumbent field, the surface of which is nearly horizontal, and 
parallel to the stratification of the limestone, and to the bottom of 
the cave. Its main direction is E.S.E. but deviating from a straight 
line by several zigzags to the right and left (see Plate II. fig. 3); its 
greatest length is stated by Mr. Young and Mr. Bird to be 245 feet. 
