CAVE OF SCHARZFELD. ENTRANCE BY A FISSURE. 11S 
of the fossil bear, tiger, and glutton, collected from thence. These 
% 
heads have been recently described, with excellent engravings by 
Professor Goldfuss, in the Nova Acta Naturae Curiosorum, v. 10, and 
are precisely of the same species with those found in the caverns of 
England, the Hartz Forest, and Franconia. I have already men¬ 
tioned that further accounts of the Westphalian caves are in pre¬ 
paration by Professor Goldfuss, and M. A. L. Sack, of Bonn. 
III. CAVE OF SCHARZFELD. 
The next caverns I examined were those of Scharzfeld, near 
Herzberg, in Hanover, on the west border of the Hartz Forest, not 
far from Gottingen. The rock in which these caves occur is mag¬ 
nesian limestone, of the same age with the limestone of Sunderland, 
in England, and being the first floetz limestone of Werner; occasion¬ 
ally it is very cellular, and abounds in fissures and caverns. The 
position of the great cave containing the bones is at an elevation of 
at least 500 feet above the nearest river, and in the centre of one of 
the many wooded ridges which connect the higher mountains of the 
Hartz with the plain, and are separated from each other by deep 
valleys of denudation. 
The entrance to this cave is not, as usually happens, in the side 
of a rocky cliff or precipice, but by an open fissure, placed like a well, 
in the surface of a plain field, and communicating directly downwards 
by a steep but practicable descent on ledges of rock into the body of 
the cave. (See Plate XIV. a, and explanation.) This fissure may 
