EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES. 
273 
mouth must have been included in solid rock till the valley had been 
cut down nearly to its present depth. 
F. Entrance to the cavern by a lofty vault leading to the cave G. 
The roof and floor of this vault are inclined downwards at a con¬ 
siderable angle. 
G. Section of the interior of the great cave, closed on every side 
with solid rock except at F., and having its floor H. buried under a 
deep bed of black animal earth and bones. The section is repre¬ 
sented by dotted lines marked on the surface of the cliff. 
H. Actual floor of the cave, beneath the black earth and bones. 
I. Mouth of the cave of Schneiderloch, in the cliffs a little below 
Kuhloch, and also containing bones. 
Plate XIX. 
Map of the district round Muggendorf, in Franconia, showing the 
manner in which the country is intersected by deep valleys of de¬ 
nudation, and the present mouths of the caves exposed in the cliffs 
that flank these valleys, though not exclusively confined to them. 
This map is copied from that in Goldfuss’s Pocket-book on the 
Environs of Muggendorf. 
The Vignette, giving a view of the mouth of the cave of Gailen- 
reuth, with a fissure close adjacent to it, is copied from an engraving 
in Esper’s account of the caves of this district. 
Plate XX. 
Vertical section of the cave discovered in the Dream lead mine at 
Callow, near Wirksworth, Derbyshire, in December, 1822. 
A. Shaft sunk perpendicularly downwards 60 feet, through a 
solid vein containing lead. 
B. Supposed continuation of the lead vein below the floor of the cave. 
