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COMPENDIUM OF GEOGBAPHY AND TBAYEL 
there are a Manis (M. javanicus ), and a peculiar hare 
(.Lepus netscheri ), the common Malayan deer, and the 
muntjac. Between sixty and seventy mammals have 
been described, and the total number is possibly in 
excess of that of Borneo, for the numbers are about 
equal, while Sumatra is certainly less explored. 
The avifauna of Sumatra is practically the same as 
that of Borneo and the Malay Peninsula. Among the 
most striking birds are the great Argus pheasant and the 
yet more showy Euplocomus; crimson-breasted Trogons ; 
bush-shrikes of a glossy cobalt-blue {Irena) ; vivid green 
gapers ( Calyptomena ), and the curiously marked rain- 
birds ( Cymborhynchus) ; the lovely rose-crested bee-eater 
{Nyctiornis amicta ), and the pheasant-cuckoos {Carpo- 
coccyx ), besides numerous woodpeckers, barbets, spider- 
hunters, and brilliantly-coloured Pittas. The peacock 
does not exist, but is found in Java, There are but few 
peculiar species on the island, and the genus Psilopogon , 
which was supposed to be confined to it, has lately been 
discovered in the mountains of Perak. It is interesting 
to note that, as in the case of the flora, there is an 
occurrence of certain Himalayan forms in the high 
mountain regions, such as Niltava , Sibia, etc., most, if 
not all, of which are probably to be found in the elevated 
chain of the interior of the Peninsula. About 330 
different species of birds are now known from Sumatra. 
6. Inhabitants and Languages. 
The natives of Sumatra, from Ache Heads to the 
Straits of Sunda, are all of the great Malayan stock, 
although the different tribes vary much in language, 
customs, and social condition. No dark and woolly- 
